Une nouvelle réflexion sur la valeur économique du temps : les notions d’effort et de pénibilité[A new reflection on the economic value of time: the notions of effort and hardship]

Since the 17th century, the question of the economic valuation of time (in particular the working time) has been at the center of debates among economists, from classicists to neoclassicists, Marxists to contemporary schools of thought. Today, with the advent of the digital age, characterized by the pronounced robotization and digitalization of common uses in society, the question of the economic value of time remains more relevant than ever. By supporting it with the new consumer theory, this article attempts to contribute to economic theory by providing new insights of the foundations of the economic value of time. To this end, we propose a mathematical formalization in which economic time results from the combination of physical time and the mobilization of a set of physico-cognitive resources that can be assimilated to effort.