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Public Expenditure Composition and Economic Growth: Optimal Adjustment by Using Gradient Method

Author

Listed:
  • Tatsuyoshi Miyakoshi

    (Osaka School of International Public Policy, Osaka University)

  • Yoshihiko Tsukuda

    (Graduate School of Economics, Tohoku University)

  • Tatsuhito Kono

    (Graduate School of Engineering, Tohoku University)

  • Makoto Koyanagi

    (Graduate School of Economics, Tohoku University)

Abstract

Previous researches studied how the components of fiscal spending affect the economic growth but did not explicitly enquire into how to adjust the components in order to achieve the highest rate of economic growth starting from the present shares of components. We investigate how to determine the optimal adjustment by introducing a gradient method which explicitly takes account for the adjustment cost and incorporates the constraint that shares of components are summed up to one. The resulting optimal adjustment shares are proportional to the deviations from the average over elements of a gradient vector and independent from the choice of regression equations. The optimal adjustment share is completely estimated by using the linear regression with any choice of omitted variable if the adjustment cost is given. The result is free from multicollinearity problem but is considering all adjustment costs unlike most of previous researches. The paper also provides an illustrative example taken from the annual panel data for the Japanese prefectural governments.

Suggested Citation

  • Tatsuyoshi Miyakoshi & Yoshihiko Tsukuda & Tatsuhito Kono & Makoto Koyanagi, 2007. "Public Expenditure Composition and Economic Growth: Optimal Adjustment by Using Gradient Method," Discussion Papers in Economics and Business 07-17, Osaka University, Graduate School of Economics.
    • Handle: RePEc:osk:wpaper:0717
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    File URL: http://www2.econ.osaka-u.ac.jp/library/global/dp/0717.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Devarajan, Shantayanan & Swaroop, Vinaya & Heng-fu, Zou, 1996. "The composition of public expenditure and economic growth," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 37(2-3), pages 313-344, April.
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    3. Barro, Robert J, 1990. "Government Spending in a Simple Model of Endogenous Growth," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 98(5), pages 103-126, October.
    4. Mendoza, Enrique G. & Milesi-Ferretti, Gian Maria & Asea, Patrick, 1997. "On the ineffectiveness of tax policy in altering long-run growth: Harberger's superneutrality conjecture," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 66(1), pages 99-126, October.
    5. Xie, Danyang & Zou, Heng-fu & Davoodi, Hamid, 1999. "Fiscal Decentralization and Economic Growth in the United States," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(2), pages 228-239, March.
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    7. Kneller, Richard & Bleaney, Michael F. & Gemmell, Norman, 1999. "Fiscal policy and growth: evidence from OECD countries," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(2), pages 171-190, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Gemmell Norman & Au Joey, 2013. "Do Smaller Governments Raise the Level or Growth of Output? A Review of Recent Evidence," Review of Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 64(2), pages 85-116, August.
    2. Norman Gemmell & Joey Au, 2013. "Government size, fiscal policy and the level and growth of output: a review of recent evidence," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(2), pages 203-229.
    3. Norman Gemmell & Joey Au, 2013. "Government size, fiscal policy and the level and growth of output: a review of recent evidence," Journal of the Asia Pacific Economy, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 18(2), pages 203-229.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Economic growth; Public expenditure composition; Adjustment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E62 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Fiscal Policy; Modern Monetary Theory
    • E23 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Consumption, Saving, Production, Employment, and Investment - - - Production
    • H50 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - General

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