Institutional Neutrality: An Organizational Analysis

Debates on institutional neutrality (I.N.) focus on whether universities should take positions on socio-political issues. In contrast to studies and commentaries using historical, philosophical, and speculative arguments, we analyze I.N. from an organizational perspective. First, we note how I.N. refers to the creation of an environment for diverse views, the prohibition of any corporate position on social issues, and the exemption when one’s mission is threatened. Second, we summarize current debates for and against neutrality as based on the protection of individual freedoms and institutional interests, and the complicity and partiality of the status quo. Third, we outline alternatives to I.N., inclusive of institutional restraint, dialogue, and commitment. Finally, we propose factors affecting institutional responses like organizational identity, resource dependence, mimetic pressures, and movement demands.