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Crossing the Threshold: Ambitious Baselines for the UNFCCC New Market-Based Mechanism

Author

Listed:
  • Andrew Prag

    (OECD)

  • Gregory Briner

    (OECD)

Abstract

At COP 17 in Durban, countries defined a new market-based mechanism to promote cost-effective mitigation actions, guided by a set of principles previously agreed at COP 16. These principles include “stimulating mitigation across broad segments of the economy”, “ensuring a net decrease and/or avoidance of global greenhouse gas emissions” and “assisting developed countries to meet part of their mitigation targets”. This paper explores the use of ambitious crediting baselines for groups of emitters as the basis for a new market mechanism that meets the principles listed above. It focuses on how to define groups of emitters and explores different approaches for building ambition into baselines including using emissions projections and performance benchmarks. Potential elements of a process for setting baselines for subsequent international recognition are also presented. The paper builds on extensive previous analyses carried out on emissions baselines for market mechanisms, taking into account recent developments in the international negotiations. Lors de la COP 17, à Durban, les pays ont défini un nouveau mécanisme de marché pour promouvoir les mesures d’atténuation offrant un bon rapport coût / efficacité. Cette action s’inscrit dans la continuité des principes convenus lors de la COP 16 et qui visent à « stimuler l’atténuation dans de vastes secteurs de l’économie », « contribuer à une diminution nette et/ou à la prévention des émissions mondiales de gaz à effet de serre » et « aider les pays développés à atteindre une partie de leurs objectifs d’atténuation ». Le présent document envisage, pour fixer les crédits des groupes d’émetteurs, de retenir des niveaux de base ambitieux comme fondement d’un nouveau mécanisme de marché qui soit conforme aux principes énumérés précédemment. Il s’interroge également sur la manière de définir les groupes d’émetteurs et envisage différentes approches pour rendre ces niveaux de base plus ambitieux, notamment en exploitant les projections en matière d’émissions et les critères de performance. Sont aussi présentés les éléments possibles d’un processus qui aboutirait à fixer des niveaux de base en vue de leur reconnaissance internationale. Le document s’inspire des nombreuses analyses déjà réalisées sur les niveaux de base d’émissions dans une perspective de mécanisme de marché, et il prend en compte les dernières évolutions résultant des négociations internationales.

Suggested Citation

  • Andrew Prag & Gregory Briner, 2012. "Crossing the Threshold: Ambitious Baselines for the UNFCCC New Market-Based Mechanism," OECD/IEA Climate Change Expert Group Papers 2012/2, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:envaab:2012/2-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5k44xg398s8v-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    atténuation; baselines; changement climatique; climate change; mitigation; new market mechanism; niveaux de base; nouveau mécanisme de marché;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F53 - International Economics - - International Relations, National Security, and International Political Economy - - - International Agreements and Observance; International Organizations
    • Q54 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Climate; Natural Disasters and their Management; Global Warming
    • Q56 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environment and Development; Environment and Trade; Sustainability; Environmental Accounts and Accounting; Environmental Equity; Population Growth
    • Q58 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Environmental Economics - - - Environmental Economics: Government Policy

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