Author
Listed:
- Brendan O’Connor
- Terence Hynes
- David Haugh
(OECD)
- Patrick Lenain
(OECD)
Abstract
The economic literature suggests that a revenue-neutral shift of tax revenues from income taxes to property taxes would increase GDP per capita in the medium term. This paper analyses for Ireland the consequences of such a shift in the tax mix. In particular, it examines whether this can be carried out in a way that would neither undermine income distribution nor depress government revenue. Simulations using the ESRI tax-benefit model, SWITCH, suggest it is possible to achieve such a broadly revenue-neutral tax shift in a non-regressive way, while lowering marginal tax rates for most taxpayers. In particular, reductions in the Universal Social Charge would reduce marginal and average tax rates and have a positive impact for the income of most households. This could be funded by shifting the tax base toward residential properties, though this might have an adverse effect on income distribution, due to Ireland’s high rates of home ownership throughout the income distribution. The analysis shows that low income groups could be protected through the careful introduction of income-related supports, with revenue losses recovered through a more progressive property tax rate structure. Overall, the simulations show that a shift from labour to property tax can be pro-growth and pro-employment, without equity losses. The paper therefore suggests that tax reform can be inclusive. A la recherche du graal de l'impôt inclusif : L'impact redistributif de la réforme de l'impôt pour améliorer la croissance en Irlande La littérature économique suggère qu'un transfert, neutre en termes de recettes fiscales, de l’impôt sur le revenu à l'impôt foncier augmenterait le PIB par habitant dans le moyen terme. Ce document analyse dans le cas de l’Irlande les conséquences d'un tel changement de la composition des recettes fiscales. En particulier, il examine si cela peut être effectué sans porter atteinte à la répartition des revenus et aux recettes du gouvernement. Des simulations faires à l'aide du modèle impôts-prestations sociales de ESRI, SWITCH, suggèrent qu'il est possible de faire un tel transfert d’impôt sans incidence sur les recettes, d'une manière non régressive, et tout en réduisant les taux marginaux d'imposition pour la plupart des contribuables. En particulier, réduire la charge sociale universelle permettrait de réduire les taux d'imposition marginaux et moyens et d’avoir un impact positif sur les revenus de la plupart des ménages. Cela pourrait être financé en transférant l’assiette fiscale vers les propriétés immobilières, bien que cela pourrait avoir un effet négatif sur la distribution des revenus en raison de taux élevés d’accès à la propriété immobilière en Irlande. L'analyse montre que les groupes à faible revenu pourraient être protégés en calibrant minutieusement les mesures de soutien au revenu des personnes concernées, mesures qui seraient elles-mêmes financées grâce à une structure plus progressive de l’imposition des propriétés immobilières. Au total, les simulations montrent que transférer l’assiette fiscale de la main-d'oeuvre à la propriété immobilière pourrait être favorable à la croissance et à l’emploi, sans pertes en termes d’équité. Le document suggère donc que la réforme fiscale peut être inclusive.
Suggested Citation
Brendan O’Connor & Terence Hynes & David Haugh & Patrick Lenain, 2015.
"Searching for the inclusive growth tax grail: The distributional impact of growth enhancing tax reform in Ireland,"
OECD Economics Department Working Papers
1270, OECD Publishing.
Handle:
RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1270-en
DOI: 10.1787/5jrqc6vk3n30-en
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Keywords
benefits;
bien-être;
croissance;
impôt;
income tax;
Ireland;
Irlande;
property tax;
simulations;
tax;
tax bases;
welfare;
All these keywords.
JEL classification:
- H21 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Efficiency; Optimal Taxation
- H23 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Externalities; Redistributive Effects; Environmental Taxes and Subsidies
- H24 - Public Economics - - Taxation, Subsidies, and Revenue - - - Personal Income and Other Nonbusiness Taxes and Subsidies
- H53 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies - - - Government Expenditures and Welfare Programs
- I31 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - General Welfare, Well-Being
- I38 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Government Programs; Provision and Effects of Welfare Programs
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