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Sharing the Fruits of Growth with all Mexicans

Author

Listed:
  • Eduardo Olaberría

    (OECD)

  • Valéry Dugain

    (OECD)

Abstract

In 2013 the Mexican government embarked on a major reform agenda which, if fully implemented and pushed forward, will help Mexico break out from a recent history of economic stagnation and high levels of poverty and inequality that has hampered the quality of life of its citizens. Indeed, compared with other OECD countries, Mexico performs poorly in indicators that are essential to a good life, often resulting in traps that hinder growth and well-being. The government has introduced major structural reforms to fight poverty, improve the quality of education, create more jobs in the formal sector and move towards a universal social security system. This is a substantial accomplishment. However, Mexico needs to build a more inclusive state. This implies raising more tax revenue (without necessarily increasing tax rates) to expand social protection. It also means promoting an inclusive labour market to reduce informality and increase female labour market participation; inclusive schools to reduce educational gaps; inclusive health systems so that health care quality no longer depends on employment status; and inclusive cities to reduce geographical segregation. This Working Paper relates to the 2015 OECD Economic Survey of Mexico (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-mexico.htm). Partager les fruits de la croissance entre tous les Mexicains Le gouvernement mexicain a entrepris, en 2013, un vaste programme de réforme qui, s’il est pleinement mis en oeuvre et poursuivi, aidera le Mexique à rompre avec la stagnation économique et les taux élevés de pauvreté et d’inégalité qui ont marqué son passé récent et pesé sur la qualité de vie de ses citoyens. Par rapport à d’autres pays de l’OCDE, le Mexique est médiocrement classé en ce qui concerne les indicateurs indispensables à une qualité de vie acceptable, ce qui crée souvent des engrenages qui nuisent à la croissance et au bien-être. Le gouvernement a lancé des réformes structurelles de grande envergure visant à lutter contre la pauvreté, à améliorer la qualité de l’éducation, à créer davantage d’emplois dans le secteur formel et à poser les premières pierres d’un système de sécurité sociale ouvert à tous. Il s’agit là d’un grand pas en avant. Toutefois, le Mexique doit devenir un État plus solidaire. Pour cela, il lui faut accroître ses recettes fiscales (sans nécessairement augmenter les taux d’imposition) pour étendre la protection sociale. Il lui faut également promouvoir l’inclusivité du marché du travail , pour réduire le nombre des travailleurs du secteur informel et accroître la présence des femmes sur le marché du travail des établissements scolaires, pour réduire les lacunes en matière d’éducation des systèmes de santé , pour que la qualité des soins ne dépende plus de la situation professionnelle, et des villes, pour réduire la ségrégation géographique. Ce document de travail économique se rapporte à l'Étude économique 2015 de l'OCDE sur le Mexique (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/etude-economique-mexique.htm).

Suggested Citation

  • Eduardo Olaberría & Valéry Dugain, 2015. "Sharing the Fruits of Growth with all Mexicans," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1197, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1197-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5js4h5njs131-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    education; health; income; inequality; informality; informalité; inégalité; Mexico; Mexique; revenu; santé; éducation;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • H1 - Public Economics - - Structure and Scope of Government
    • H5 - Public Economics - - National Government Expenditures and Related Policies
    • I1 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health
    • I2 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education
    • J3 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs

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