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Policies for Making the Chilean Labour Market More Inclusive

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  • Aida Caldera Sánchez

    (OECD)

Abstract

Economic growth and recent policy reforms have increased employment and reduced overall poverty in Chile. Yet there are some groups that remain at the margins of the labour market and could benefit from and contribute more to growth. Women and young people have entered the labour force in greater numbers, but their participation rates remain low compared to most OECD and Latin American countries. The participation of women in the labour market is held down by economic, cultural and regulatory barriers. For youth, poor basic skills acquired through compulsory education and the weak linkages between secondary education and job related skills often limit their employment prospects. Among lowskilled workers, a high minimum wage and strict employment protection pose a barrier to employment. At the same time, education and training policies do not sufficiently reach those with poor skills and the public employment services lack the capacity to deliver high quality job-search services. The paper discusses a number of policies that could help to make the Chilean labour market more inclusive and broaden the benefits of growth. These include expanding childcare, promoting a more flexible labour market and strengthening education and skills policies, among others. This Working Paper relates to the 2013 OECD Economic Survey of Chile (www.oecd.org/eco/surveys/economic-survey-chile.htm). Des politiques pour rendre le marché du travail chilien plus inclusif La croissance économique et les réformes récentes ont accru le niveau d’emploi et réduit la pauvreté globale au Chili. Pourtant, il y a certains groupes qui restent en marge du marché du travail. Les femmes et les jeunes sont de plus en plus nombreux à investir le marché du travail, mais leur taux d’activité reste faible par rapport à ceux de la plupart des pays de l’OCDE et d’Amérique latine. La participation des femmes sur le marché du travail est tenu par des obstacles économiques, culturels et réglementaires. Pour les jeunes, les faibles compétences de base acquises par l'éducation obligatoire et la faiblesse des liens entre l'enseignement secondaire ainsi que les compétences professionnelles limitent souvent leurs perspectives d'emploi. S’agissant des travailleurs peu qualifiés, l’existence d’un salaire minimum élevé et d’une protection de l’emploi rigide freinent l’accès à l’emploi. Dans le même temps, les politiques d'éducation et de formation ne parviennent pas suffisamment à ceux ayant de faibles capacités et les services publics de l'emploi n'ont pas la capacité de fournir des services de recherche d'emploi de haute qualité. Cette étude examine un certain nombre de politiques qui pourraient contribuer à rendre le marché du travail chilien plus inclusif et à élargir les bénéfices de la croissance. Il s'agit notamment de l’extension des services d’accueil des enfants, l’assouplissement du marché du travail et le renforcement des politiques éducatives et de développement des compétences, parmi d’autres mesures. Ce Document de travail se rapporte à l'Étude économique de l'OCDE de Chili 2013 (www.oecd.org/fr/eco/etudes/chili-2013.htm).

Suggested Citation

  • Aida Caldera Sánchez, 2014. "Policies for Making the Chilean Labour Market More Inclusive," OECD Economics Department Working Papers 1117, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:ecoaaa:1117-en
    DOI: 10.1787/5jz2r9j3f0r6-en
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    Cited by:

    1. Bobek Vito & Zych Filip & Janković Božidarka & Horvat Tatjana, 2022. "Employers’ Perceptions of Online University Degrees and Their Relationship with the Recruitment and Selection Practices: The Case of Chile," Naše gospodarstvo/Our economy, Sciendo, vol. 68(3), pages 28-49, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    Chile; Chili; emploi des femmes; emploi des jeunes; female employment; labour market policies; low-skilled workers; politique du marché du travail; travailleurs peu qualifiés; youth employment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J1 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J21 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Labor Force and Employment, Size, and Structure
    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • J3 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs
    • J7 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Labor Discrimination

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