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Harnessing the digital economy for developing countries

Author

Listed:
  • Carl Dahlman

    (OECD)

  • Sam Mealy

    (OECD)

  • Martin Wermelinger

    (OECD)

Abstract

This report makes a call for why the digital economy matters for developing countries and what they need to consider when developing a national digital strategy. The world is undergoing a digital revolution with significant implications for global economies and livelihoods. This revolution is predicated on the ever-increasing pace of technological innovation and diffusion. Digital technologies and their attendant applications are reshaping whole domains of human activity, and are spreading across the world faster than previous waves of technological innovation. The digital revolution is thus too important for any country to overlook. As outlined in Section II, the digital economy can be harnessed for inclusive and sustainable growth: digital technologies make life easier for citizens and consumers, raise the productivity of workers and firms, and help governments extend key services to those who need them most. However, this does not just happen randomly: governments must engage in strategic planning to maximise the development impact of digitalisation and ensure that its benefits are evenly distributed. Using the experience of leading economies in the digital space, Section III looks at some of the broad and generic enabling factors that developing countries can develop and use as foundations for their digital economies. The concluding section, Section IV, examines three key lessons developing countries can learn from other countries’ digital experiences. It provides some guiding principles around thinking about how to craft a national digital strategy that builds on top of the enablers of the digital economy. Ce rapport défend l’importance de l’économie numérique pour les pays en développement, et ce que ces pays doivent considérer lorsqu’ils développent une stratégie numérique à l’échelle nationale. Le monde connaît une révolution numérique ayant des implications significatives sur les économies mondiales et nos modes de vie. Cette révolution repose sur le rythme en constante accélération de l’innovation et de la diffusion technologique. Les technologies numériques et leurs applications transforment des domaines entiers de l’activité humaine, et se répandent à travers le monde plus rapidement encore que les précédentes vagues d’innovations technologiques. La révolution numérique est donc trop importante pour qu’un pays puisse la négliger. L’économie numérique peut être exploitée afin d’atteindre une croissance inclusive et durable: les technologies numériques facilitent la vie des citoyens et des consommateurs, augmentent la productivité des salariés et des entreprises, et permettent aux gouvernements d’offrir des services clés à ceux qui en ont le plus besoin. Cependant, une telle dynamique ne s’enclenche pas de manière aléatoire: les gouvernements doivent s’engager à mettre en place une planification stratégique qui maximise l’impact du numérique sur le développement, et assure que ses bénéfices soient équitablement distribués. En s’appuyant sur l’expérience des puissances économiques dans le champ numérique, ce rapport analyse quatre facteurs déterminants, que les pays en développement peuvent utiliser comme bases pour leurs économies numériques: l’infrastructure, les compétences,la finance et la régulation. Ce rapport conclue en donnant des principes directeurs pour l’élaboration d’une stratégie numérique nationale fondée sur les facteurs clés de l’économie numérique.

Suggested Citation

  • Carl Dahlman & Sam Mealy & Martin Wermelinger, 2016. "Harnessing the digital economy for developing countries," OECD Development Centre Working Papers 334, OECD Publishing.
  • Handle: RePEc:oec:devaaa:334-en
    DOI: 10.1787/4adffb24-en
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    digitalisation; inclusive growth; policy; technology;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • O31 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives
    • O32 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Management of Technological Innovation and R&D
    • O35 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Social Innovation
    • O38 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights - - - Government Policy

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