Africa and the Middle East: The Shift from Geopolitics to Geoeconomics

In an era marked by shifting global dynamics, Africa and the Middle East are experiencing a profound transition from traditional geopolitics to a more nuanced geoeconomic framework. This evolution reflects the growing recognition that economic interests, rather than mere political allegiances, are driving international relations in these regions. The rise of emerging powers, particularly China and other Asian nations, has challenged the long-standing dominance of Western economies, offering alternatives that prioritize infrastructure development and trade over political conditionality. As governments in Africa and the Middle East seek to maximize their economic potential, they are increasingly inclined to engage in partnerships that enhance their sovereignty and promote self-reliance. The implications of this shift are profound, heralding a new chapter in international cooperation in which economic collaboration is viewed as the pathway to stability and growth. This paper explores the ramifications of this transition, examining how the focus on geoeconomics is reshaping diplomatic ties, investment flows, and regional integration initiatives. It argues that this paradigm shift not only empowers Africa and the Middle East, but also redefines the global landscape, as these regions assert themselves as key players in the emerging multipolar world.