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Bank Branch Density and Bank Runs

Author

Listed:
  • Efraim Benmelech
  • Jun Yang
  • Michal Zator

Abstract

Bank branch density, defined as the number of bank branches to total deposits, has significantly declined over the past decade, fueled by a confluence of branch closings and the almost doubling of deposits between 2016 and 2022. During this period, banks with low branch density benefited from large deposits inflows, leading to even lower density. But the virtuous cycle of deposits growth in these banks stopped spinning when investors became wary about their financial health. Stock prices of banks with low branch density plummeted during the 2023 Banking Crisis as these banks experienced larger outflows of uninsured deposits. Our results suggest that digital banking enabled banks to grow faster and attract uninsured deposits, but those large deposits inflows took the form of “hot money” that changed its course when economic conditions worsened.

Suggested Citation

  • Efraim Benmelech & Jun Yang & Michal Zator, 2023. "Bank Branch Density and Bank Runs," NBER Working Papers 31462, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:31462
    Note: AP CF EFG IFM
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    Cited by:

    1. Bindseil, Ulrich & Senner, Richard, 2024. "Destabilisation of bank deposits across destinations: assessment and policy implications," Working Paper Series 2887, European Central Bank.
    2. Marco Cipriani & Thomas M. Eisenbach & Anna Kovner, 2024. "Tracing Bank Runs in Real Time," Working Paper 24-10, Federal Reserve Bank of Richmond.
    3. D’Ercole, Francesco & Wagner, Alexander F., 2023. "The green energy transition and the 2023 Banking Crisis," Finance Research Letters, Elsevier, vol. 58(PC).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • E52 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Monetary Policy
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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