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Tracing Value Added in the Presence of Foreign Direct Investment

Author

Listed:
  • Zhi Wang
  • Shang-Jin Wei
  • Xinding Yu
  • Kunfu Zhu

Abstract

We develop a unified framework to trace value added along global supply chains in the presence of foreign direct investment by decomposing either GDP based on forward linkages or final production based on backward linkages. The new framework accounts for the presence of foreign invested enterprises (FIEs), their interactions with local firms in the host countries as well as their activities in international trade. The size of the GVC activities identified with this framework roughly doubles that in the previous literature that treats FIEs the same as local firms. The “missing GVC activities” are more serious for high-tech sectors than for those with a lower R&D intensity, and more serious for high-income economies than for middle-income economies.

Suggested Citation

  • Zhi Wang & Shang-Jin Wei & Xinding Yu & Kunfu Zhu, 2021. "Tracing Value Added in the Presence of Foreign Direct Investment," NBER Working Papers 29335, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:29335
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    Cited by:

    1. Li, Meng & Meng, Bo & Gao, Yuning & Wang, Zhi & Zhang, Yaxiong & Sun, Yongping, 2022. "Tracing CO₂ emissions in global value chains: Multinationals vs. domestically-owned firms," Sustainable Global Supply Chains Discussion Papers 2, Research Network Sustainable Global Supply Chains.
    2. João Amador & Carlos Melo Gouveia & Ana Catarina Pimenta, 2023. "COVID-19, lockdowns and international trade: evidence from firm-level data," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 65(5), pages 2427-2466, November.
    3. Kexu Wu & Zhiwei Tang & Longpeng Zhang, 2022. "Population Aging, Industrial Intelligence and Export Technology Complexity," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(20), pages 1-24, October.
    4. Abdullah Altun & Pinar Tat & Halit Yanikkaya, 2023. "The Role of Covid-19 Policy Responses on GVC Participation: The Turkish Experience," Working Papers 2023-01, Gebze Technical University, Department of Economics.
    5. Yan, Yunfeng & Li, Xiyuan & Wang, Ran & Meng, Bo & Zhao, Zhongxiu & Li, Xuemeng, 2024. "Visible carbon emissions vs. invisible value-added: Re-evaluating the emissions responsibility of multinational enterprises in global value chains," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 224(C).
    6. Yan, Yunfeng & Li, Xiyuan & Wang, Ran & Zhao, Zhongxiu & Jiao, Aodong, 2023. "Decomposing the carbon footprints of multinational enterprises along global value chains," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 66(C), pages 13-28.
    7. Xiaoyong Qiao & Yongzhe Guo & Pengyang Zhang & Xue Chen, 2024. "Servitization of Manufacturing Industry Export Enterprises, Multinational Corporation GVC Activities and Pollution Reduction in China," Advances in Management and Applied Economics, SCIENPRESS Ltd, vol. 14(1), pages 1-8.
    8. João Amador & Carlos Melo Gouveia & Ana Catarina Pimenta, 2024. "Transport modes in Portuguese international trade: Insights from firm-level data," Economic Bulletin and Financial Stability Report Articles and Banco de Portugal Economic Studies, Banco de Portugal, Economics and Research Department.
    9. Yan, Yunfeng & Wang, Ran & Chen, Sida & Wang, Feifan & Zhao, Zhongxiu, 2022. "Mapping carbon footprint along global value chains: A study based on firm heterogeneity in China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 398-408.
    10. Huang, Xiaobing & Xie, Jiawei, 2024. "Impact of green credit policies on the global value chain position of heavy polluting enterprises," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
    11. Yan, Yunfeng & Li, Xiyuan & Wang, Ran & Pan, An, 2023. "Global value chain and export-embodied carbon emissions: New evidence from foreign-invested enterprises," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    12. Halit Yanikkaya & Abdullah Altun & Pınar Tat, 2023. "Once again “smile curve”: Is chain upgrading possible?," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 27(1), pages 62-88, February.
    13. Yue, Youfu & Hou, Junjun & Zhang, Meichen & Ye, Jiabai, 2024. "Does the sticky relationships of global value chains help stabilize employment? Evidence from China," Structural Change and Economic Dynamics, Elsevier, vol. 69(C), pages 632-651.

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    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade

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