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Leverage and Cash Dynamics

Author

Listed:
  • Harry DeAngelo
  • Andrei S. Gonçalves
  • René M. Stulz

Abstract

This paper documents new and empirically important interactions between cash-balance and leverage dynamics. Cash ratios typically vary widely over extended horizons, with dynamics remarkably similar to (and complementary with) those of capital structure. Leverage and cash dynamics interact approximately as predicted by the internal-versus-external funding regimes in Myers and Majluf (1984). Leverage is quite volatile when cash ratios are stable and vice-versa, while net-debt ratios are almost always volatile. Most firms increase leverage sharply as cash balances (internal funds) become scarce. Capital structure models that extend Hennessy and Whited (2005) to include cash-balance dynamics explain some, but not all, aspects of the observed relation between cash squeezes and leverage increases.

Suggested Citation

  • Harry DeAngelo & Andrei S. Gonçalves & René M. Stulz, 2021. "Leverage and Cash Dynamics," NBER Working Papers 28970, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28970
    Note: CF
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • G31 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Capital Budgeting; Fixed Investment and Inventory Studies
    • G33 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Bankruptcy; Liquidation
    • G35 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Payout Policy

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