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Knowledge Spillovers, Trade, and FDI

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  • Wolfgang Keller

Abstract

This paper studies knowledge spillovers, positive externalities that augment the information set of an economic agent, and reviews the evidence on such spillovers in the context of international economic transactions. The entry discusses trade channels of knowledge transfer associated with purchases from abroad (imports) and sales to abroad (exports). Another focus is on the foreign direct investment (FDI) channel through purchases from abroad (inward FDI) and sales to abroad (outward FDI). The entry also distinguishes knowledge flows from foreign to domestic agents and from domestic to foreign agents. The entry underlines the importance of empirical methodology and data characteristics that determine the quality of econometric identification. Even though spillovers are by their very nature–as externalities–difficult to identify, over recent decades a number of advances have produced robust evidence that both trade and foreign direct investment lead to sizable knowledge spillovers. These advances have been both conceptual as well as in the areas of empirical methodology and new data.

Suggested Citation

  • Wolfgang Keller, 2021. "Knowledge Spillovers, Trade, and FDI," NBER Working Papers 28739, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28739
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    Cited by:

    1. Salvador Gil-Pareja & Rafael Llorca-Vivero & Jordi Paniagua, 2021. "Headquarters intangible capital and FDI," Working Papers 2107, Department of Applied Economics II, Universidad de Valencia.
    2. Yeboah, Samuel, 2023. "Empowering Communities: A Systematic Review of FDI Initiatives for Skill Development and Local Capacity Building," MPRA Paper 118408, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 22 Aug 2023.
    3. Yeboah Asuamah, Samuel, 2023. "Empowering Communities: A Systematic Review of FDI Initiatives for Skill Development and Local Capacity Building," MPRA Paper 118410, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Aug 2023.
    4. Lenzu, Simone, 2023. "Comment on: “trade and diffusion of embodied technology: An empirical Analysis” by ayerst, ibrahim, mackenzie, and rachapalli," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 146-149.
    5. Yeboah, Samuel, 2023. "Navigating Global Markets: The Impact of FDI on Startups' Access to Insights, Networks, and Brand Visibility," MPRA Paper 118434, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 30 Aug 2023.
    6. Yeboah, Samuel, 2023. "Navigating Global Markets: The Impact of FDI on Startups' Access to Insights, Networks, and Brand Visibility," MPRA Paper 118437, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 30 Aug 2023.
    7. Ayerst, Stephen & Ibrahim, Faisal & MacKenzie, Gaelan & Rachapalli, Swapnika, 2023. "Trade and diffusion of embodied technology: an empirical analysis," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 128-145.
    8. Gong, Robin Kaiji, 2023. "The local technology spillovers of multinational firms," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
    9. Ma, Xiao & Muendler, Marc-Andreas & Nakab, Alejandro, 2020. "Learning by Exporting and Wage Profiles: New Evidence from Brazil," MPRA Paper 109497, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 31 Aug 2021.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • O3 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Innovation; Research and Development; Technological Change; Intellectual Property Rights

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