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A Model of Credit, Money, Interest, and Prices

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  • Saki Bigio
  • Yuliy Sannikov

Abstract

This paper integrates a realistic implementation of monetary policy through the banking system into an incomplete-markets economy with wage rigidity. Monetary policy sets policy rates and alters the supply of reserves. These tools grant independent control over credit spreads and an interest target. Through these tools, monetary policy affects the evolution of real interests rates, credit, output, and the wealth distribution—both in the long and in the short run. We decompose the effects through a combination of the interest and credit channels that depend on the size of the central bank’s balance sheet. Monetary policy reaches an expansionary limit when it enters a liquidity trap. The model highlights a trade-off between worse microeconomic insurance (insurance across agents) and greater macroeconomic insurance (insurance across states). The model prescribes that monetary policy should operate with a small balance sheet which tightens credit during booms, and should expand its balance sheet and lower policy rates during busts.

Suggested Citation

  • Saki Bigio & Yuliy Sannikov, 2021. "A Model of Credit, Money, Interest, and Prices," NBER Working Papers 28540, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberwo:28540
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    Cited by:

    1. Liu, Xuewen & Wang, Pengfei & Yang, Zhongchao, 2024. "Delayed crises and slow recoveries," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 152(C).
    2. Beatriz González & Galo Nuño & Dominik Thaler & Silvia Albrizio, 2021. "Firm Heterogeneity, Capital Misallocation and Optimal Monetary Policy," CESifo Working Paper Series 9465, CESifo.
    3. Egemen Eren & Timothy Jackson & Giovanni Lombardo, 2024. "The macroprudential role of central bank balance sheets," Working Papers 202408, University of Liverpool, Department of Economics.
    4. Egemen Eren & Timothy Jackson & Giovanni Lombardo, 2024. "The macroprudential role of central bank balance sheets," BIS Working Papers 1173, Bank for International Settlements.

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E31 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Price Level; Inflation; Deflation
    • E32 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Prices, Business Fluctuations, and Cycles - - - Business Fluctuations; Cycles
    • E41 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Demand for Money
    • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System

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