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Inter-provincial Migration of Income Among Canada's Older Population: 1996-2001

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  • K. Bruce Newbold

Abstract

Much of the literature on internal migration in Canada has focused on the determinants of migration, as opposed to the impacts. Yet, it is likely that migration has a large impact upon the distribution and re-distribution of income across regions. Such impacts may be magnified within the older population, as their relocation involves the transfer of savings such as pensions, retirement investments, or other income supplements from province to province. Using methods proposed by Plane (1999), income-based versions of demographic effectiveness and efficiency are applied to evaluate the movement of non-earned income in the Canadian context among Canada's older population. The analysis uses data drawn from the 2001 Census, and focuses upon the older population (aged 60+ in 2001), distinguishing between three types of income, including (i) Old Age Security and Guaranteed Income Supplements; (ii) Canada/Quebec pension plan benefits; and (iii) Retirement Investment income. In addition to evaluating the magnitude of income redistribution, the impact of primary, return, and onward migration on regional income distributions is also evaluated, illustrating the importance of return migration in transferring incomes over space.

Suggested Citation

  • K. Bruce Newbold, 2006. "Inter-provincial Migration of Income Among Canada's Older Population: 1996-2001," Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population Research Papers 148, McMaster University.
    • Handle: RePEc:mcm:sedapp:148
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    File URL: http://socserv.mcmaster.ca/sedap/p/sedap148.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. H Y-F Cheung & K-L Liaw, 1987. "Metropolitan Out-Migration of Elderly Females in Canada: Characterization and Explanation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 19(12), pages 1659-1671, December.
    2. Emile Tompa, 1999. "Transitions to Retirement: Determinants of Age of Social Security Take Up," Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population Research Papers 6, McMaster University.
    3. Daniel Beland & John Myles, 2003. "Stasis Amidst Change: Canadian Pension Reform in an Age of Retrenchment," Social and Economic Dimensions of an Aging Population Research Papers 111, McMaster University.
    4. J Ledent & K-L Liaw, 1989. "Provincial Out-Migration Patterns of Canadian Elderly: Characterization and Explanation," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 21(8), pages 1093-1111, August.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Canada; migration; pension;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J11 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Demographic Trends, Macroeconomic Effects, and Forecasts
    • J14 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of the Elderly; Economics of the Handicapped; Non-Labor Market Discrimination
    • O15 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Economic Development: Human Resources; Human Development; Income Distribution; Migration
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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