Réflexion sur l'Environnement Économique International Entourant les Pays en Développement (Reflection on the International Economic Environment Surrounding the Developing Countries)

I was in charge of participating to the conference related to the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) as a mission of the ministry of foreign affairs in the second half of 1980's. At that time, the UNCTAD played a central role on the economic problems of the developing countries, particularly that of the primary goods. Through this kind of experience, I took notice of the subjects concerning the economic difficulties surrounding the developing countries. After a great war, most of the developing countries have achieved their independence thanks to the emancipation from the political restriction. However, in reality, they are still suffering from the difficulties how to take off for their economies with a view to realizing their actual economic independence. The economic disparity among the developed and developing countries has been more and more widening in progress of the globalization towards the 21st century. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to identify the reasons why the economic disparity occurred in, by pursuing the historical issues such as a conclusion of the Newly International Economic Order (NIEO), the International Commodities Agreements, the transformation of an exchange rate from fixed to floating, the oil chocks in 1973 and 1979, the augmentation of the speculative transactions, and the progression of the globalization etc. (in French)