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General Equilibrium with Trade Balance and Real Interest Rate Parity

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  • Cremers, Emily

Abstract

This paper demonstrates, in the context of a two-sector OLG neoclassicalgrowth model, conditions under which international trade in consumptiongoods alone may be sufficient for the equalization of real returns to physicalcapital across countries; that is, under which commodity arbitrage is sufficientfor real interest rate parity (RIRP). This role for repeated commodity arbitrageis established via a dynamic extension of the factor price equalization (FPE)theorem which is valid at all dates comprising the equilibrium path as well asits steady state. The results are at odds with the conventional view regardingRIRP which arises from open one-sector growth models, in which case steadystate trade balance and RIRP are irreconcilable, and are also a contradiction tofrequent assertions of long-run specialization in two-sector frameworks. An equilibriumpath for an integrated world economy yields an endogenous, time-variantcone of diversification which implies sufficient conditions for the dynamic pathsof a cross-section of economies to exhibit FPE, and hence RIRP with trade balance,at all points in time. These conditions require that the savings rates andinitial capital-labor ratios of individual countries do not deviate too significantlyfrom world averages, and that both sectors absorb capital easily. The first of theserequirements is sufficient to establish steady state FPE and RIRP in the generalspecification. The first two requirements are sufficient for the entire equilibriumpath to be characterized by FPE and RIRP in a log-linear example.

Suggested Citation

  • Cremers, Emily, 2001. "General Equilibrium with Trade Balance and Real Interest Rate Parity," Staff General Research Papers Archive 34859, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:isu:genres:34859
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Emily T. Cremers & Partha Sen, 2005. "Transfers and the Terms of Trade in an Overlapping Generations Model," Working papers 138, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.
    2. Emily T. Cremers & Partha Sen, 2009. "Transfers, the terms of trade, and capital accumulation," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 42(4), pages 1599-1616, November.
    3. Akihiko Kaneko, 2006. "Specialization in a dynamic trade model: An overlapping generations case," International Economic Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 20(3), pages 357-368.
    4. Partha Sen, 2005. "Debt Policy in a Competitive Two-Sector Overlapping Generations Model," Working papers 137, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.
    5. Cremers, Emily T., 2005. "Intergenerational Welfare And Trade," Macroeconomic Dynamics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(5), pages 585-611, November.
    6. Emily T. Cremers, 2008. "Transfers, the Terms of Trade and Capital Accumulation," DEGIT Conference Papers c013_018, DEGIT, Dynamics, Economic Growth, and International Trade.
    7. Partha Sen, 2005. "Perfect Competition and the Keynesian Cross:Revisiting Tobin," Working papers 135, Centre for Development Economics, Delhi School of Economics.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    overlapping generations model; real interest rate parity; factor price equalization; integrated world economy;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F - International Economics
    • F11 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Neoclassical Models of Trade
    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F43 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Economic Growth of Open Economies
    • O - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth
    • O41 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - One, Two, and Multisector Growth Models

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