Author
Listed:
- Gesmar Rosa dos Santos
- Fabiano Chaves da Silva
Abstract
O seguro da produção é um dos principais instrumentos de política agrícola no plano global, por trazer segurança contra prejuízos causados por intempéries, induzir a adoção de tecnologias e preservar capacidades produtivas. Comumente, há a ajuda do governo no pagamento do prêmio, como ocorre no Brasil por meio do Programa de Subvenção ao Prêmio do Seguro Rural (PSR), que completou dez anos em 2015. O programa tem pequeno porte, respondendo por apenas 1,51% dos gastos públicos federais com a agropecuária naquele ano. Tendo como referência a trajetória do seguro agrícola no Brasil, nos Estados Unidos e na Espanha, este trabalho objetiva analisar o PSR em seus dez anos e criar um índice técnico para ancorar uma proposta de ampliação do seguro agrícola e da subvenção ao prêmio. Para tanto, considera-se a relação histórica entre a subvenção e o valor segurado para cada cultivo, entre outros fatores. A proposta altera a concentração da subvenção nos cinco principais produtos de 86,8% para 67,8% dos recursos, na hipótese de triplicar o tamanho do PSR. Apresentam-se, também, condicionantes, limites e sugestões no sentido de aperfeiçoar a política pública e de incentivar o crescimento do mercado de seguro agrícola. Production insurance is one of the main instruments of agricultural policy at the global level. It provides security against the damages caused by bad weather, as well as induces the adoption of technologies and preserves productive capacities. In several countries, the government have been helping agricultures to pay the premium by a grant. In Brazil, the “Programa de Subvenção ao Prêmio (PSR)” completed ten years in 2015, when it responded for only 1.51% of federal public spending with agriculture and livestock sector. This work takes as reference the agricultural insurance trajectory in Brazil, the United States, and in Spain crop insurance in order to analyze the PSR. We also create a technical index to support a possible expanding of Brazil´s agricultural insurance system and it subsidy to the premium. We consider an historical interaction among the grant and the insured amount for each crop, apart from other factors. The proposal may change the concentration of the grant in the five main products from 86.8% to 67.8%, after three years by tripling the PSR size. Finally, we also present constraints, limits and suggestions to improve the instrument of public policy, and to encourage the growth of the agricultural insurance market in Brazil.
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