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Programa de Aquisição de Sementes e Mudas Nativas (Pasem): uma proposta de política pública para fins de regularização ambiental no Brasil

Author

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  • João Daldegan
  • Regina Helena Rosa Sambuichi

Abstract

Estima-se que, aproximadamente, 12,5 milhões de hectares de vegetação nativa deverão ser restaurados no país, ao longo dos próximos vinte anos, em atendimento à legislação florestal brasileira. A viabilidade desse processo dependerá de haver uma oferta de sementes e mudas nativas com qualidade, diversidade e quantidade adequadas para serem plantadas. Este texto objetivou apresentar uma proposta de política pública para fomentar a produção de sementes e mudas florestais nativas, visando apoiar a regularização ambiental no Brasil. Foi feita uma análise do histórico da política florestal no país, mostrando que, diferentemente do reflorestamento com espécies exóticas, foram poucos até hoje os incentivos estatais para a estruturação da cadeia da restauração florestal. Entre os principais desafios encontrados para o crescimento da produção de sementes e mudas nativas estão a falta de uma demanda contínua e os entraves burocráticos para a sua comercialização. Para vencer estes obstáculos, foi apresentada a proposta de criação de uma política pública de compras governamentais, à qual se sugeriu o nome de Programa de Aquisição de Sementes e Mudas Nativas (Pasem). Os fundamentos da proposta são baseados no exemplo do Programa de Aquisição de Alimentos (PAA) e na experiência das redes de sementes brasileiras. O programa proposto possibilitará a compra de sementes e mudas florestais nativas diretamente da agricultura familiar, sem licitação, o que lhe confere um caráter socioambiental, pois, além de apoiar a regularização ambiental, irá servir para gerar emprego e renda aos agricultores familiares. In accordance with the Brazilian Forest Legislation, nearly 12.5 million hectares of native vegetation must be restored over the next 20 years in the country. The feasibility of this process will depend on the existence of a supply of seeds and native seedlings with adequate quality, diversity and quantity to be planted in these areas. This text aims to present a public policy proposal to promote the production of seeds and native forest seedlings to support Brazil’s environmental regulation. A historical analysis of the country’s forest policy shows that there have been few official incentives for structuring the chain of forest restoration, unlike the reforestation with exotic species. Among the main challenges encountered in the production growth of seeds and native seedlings are the lack of a continuous demand and the bureaucratic obstacles to its commercialization. To overcome such challenges it was proposed the creation of a public policy of government procurement, to which it was suggested the name Seeds and Native Seedlings Acquisition Program. The elements of the proposal were based on the example set by the Foods Acquisition Program and on the experience of the networks of Brazilian seeds. The proposed program will allow the purchase of seeds and native forest seedlings directly from family farmers without bidding, which gives it a social and environmental character. Besides supporting the environmental regulation, it will generate employment and income for family farmers.

Suggested Citation

  • João Daldegan & Regina Helena Rosa Sambuichi, 2017. "Programa de Aquisição de Sementes e Mudas Nativas (Pasem): uma proposta de política pública para fins de regularização ambiental no Brasil," Discussion Papers 2272, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2272
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    1. Celentano, Danielle & Moraes, Miguel & Ferreira, Joice & Nahur, André & Coutinho, Bruno & Rousseau, Guillaume X. & Martins, Marlucia Bonifacio & Vasconcelos, Lívia G.T. Rangel & Rodrigues, Fernanda & , 2022. "Forest restoration to promote a fair post COVID-19 recovery in the Brazilian Amazon," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 116(C).

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