Author
Listed:
- Pedro Cavalcante
- Mathieu Turgeon
Abstract
Este trabalho analisa de forma sistemática e abrangente os efeitos da desproporcionalidade da representação dos estados (malapportionment) sobre o viés partidário – isto é, a distribuição desigual de cadeiras legislativas entre partidos, por votos recebidos. Especificamente, examinam-se esses efeitos no âmbito da Câmara dos Deputados, de 1994 a 2010. Primeiro, utiliza-se o modelo econométrico bilogit multinominal proposto por King (1990), para analisar a responsividade eleitoral do sistema brasileiro, que se revelou elevada. Em seguida, adaptando-se a estratégia analítica de Grofman, Koetzle e Brunell (1997) ao sistema multipartidário com distritos plurinominais, e após se extrair os efeitos das coligações eleitorais, encontram-se resultados que sugerem fortes efeitos da desproporcionalidade da representação dos estados sobre o viés partidário no Brasil. Esses efeitos, entretanto, variam consideravelmente entre partidos e eleições. This paper offers a systematic and comprehensive analysis of the effects of malapportionment on partisan bias, that is, the uneven distribution of legislative seats among parties for votes received. Specifically, it examines such effect in the Brazilian Lower Chamber from 1994 to 2010. First, we use King’s (1990) multinomial bilogit model to analyze the responsiveness of the Brazilian electoral system, which revealed to be quite high. Second, adapting the analytical strategy of Grofman, Koetzle e Brunell (1997) to multi-party system and multi-member districts, and after extracting the effects of electoral coalitions, we found results that suggest strong malapportionment effects on partisan bias in Brazil. These effects, however, vary considerably by parties and elections.
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