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Complexity: A Review of The Classics

Author

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  • Bernardo Alves Furtado
  • Patrícia Alessandra Morita Sakowski

Abstract

This text was written as part of the project Modelling of Complex Systems for Public Policy. It reviews the classical authors who jointly contributed to establish the elements of what could constitute a “science of complexity”. Based on the original writings of these authors, the text discusses the central concepts of complex systems: i) the interaction between (homogeneous or heterogeneous) agents and the environment; ii) emergence and self-organization; iii) the importance of nonlinearity and scales; iv) the determinism of rules; v) the emphasis on dynamics and feedback; and vi) the notions of adaptation, learning and evolution. Finally, contemporary criticisms are presented. They suggest that the arguments of complex systems do not support the epistemological establishment of a supposedly new science, but they do not reject the advances proposed by complexity studies.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernardo Alves Furtado & Patrícia Alessandra Morita Sakowski, 2014. "Complexity: A Review of The Classics," Discussion Papers 2019a, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
    • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2019a
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    Cited by:

    1. Jorge Luiz dos Santos Junior & Leise Kelli de Oliveira, 2020. "Analysis of the Level of Service of Unloading Zones Using Diversity Measures in a Multiplex Network," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-16, May.
    2. Claudius Gräbner & Catherine S. E. Bale & Bernardo Alves Furtado & Brais Alvarez-Pereira & James E. Gentile & Heath Henderson & Francesca Lipari, 2019. "Getting the Best of Both Worlds? Developing Complementary Equation-Based and Agent-Based Models," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 53(2), pages 763-782, February.
    3. Francis Tseng & Fei Liu & Bernardo Alves Furtado, 2017. "Humans of Simulated New York (HOSNY): an exploratory comprehensive model of city life," Papers 1703.05240, arXiv.org, revised Mar 2017.

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