Author
Listed:
- Carlos Henrique Ribeiro de Carvalho
Abstract
Este trabalho mostra como a população tem maior propensão a gastar com transporte privado em relação ao transporte público, à medida que a renda vai aumentando. Esta análise é feita a partir dos cálculos das elasticidades-renda dos gastos com transporte público e privado das famílias brasileiras, com base nos dados da Pesquisa de Orçamentos Familiares (POF) do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE). Maiores elasticidades- renda nos gastos com transporte privado indicam maiores problemas na gestão de trânsito e transporte para os grandes centros urbanos, em períodos de expansão de renda como o que o Brasil está experimentando nos últimos anos. Os resultados mostram também que, a partir de um determinado nível de renda, os gastos com transporte público apresentam elasticidade negativa, o que demonstra a total falta de atratividade destes serviços perante as famílias mais ricas. Com vistas à melhoria das condições de mobilidade e redução das externalidades, o texto discute algumas políticas públicas que deveriam ser adotadas para tornar o transporte público mais atrativo em relação ao transporte individual e, assim, equilibrar a matriz modal de deslocamentos urbanos. This paper shows how the population has a higher propensity to spend on private transport over public transport as income increases. This analysis is done from calculations of income elasticity of spending on public and on private transport of Brazilian families based on data from the Household Budget Survey of IBGE. Higher income elasticities in spending on private transport indicate more difficulties in the management of traffic and transport for major urban centers in periods of income expansion. Brazil has been experiencing this fact in recent years. The results also show that spending on public transportation has negative elasticity after certain income levels. This fact indicate that there is a lack of attractiveness of these services for the richest families. Aiming at the improvement of mobility and reduction of externalities, the paper discusses some policies that should be adopted to make public transport more attractive compared to private transport and improve the balance of the modal matrix of urban trips.
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