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Uma Investigação Sobre a Desigualdade na Distribuição de Renda e o Endividamento dos Trabalhadores Norte-Americanos dos Anos 1980 Aos Anos 2000

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  • Lucas Azeredo da Silva Teixeira

Abstract

Este artigo discute as origens do processo que mais chamou atenção na economia norte-americana antes da eclosão da crise do subprime: o crescente endividamento do consumidor. Segundo a hipótese adotada neste trabalho, são causas deste endividamento a mudança na distribuição de renda (aumento da concentração) e as desregulamentações e inovações financeiras, que se desenvolvem a partir do fim dos anos 1970. Tendo em vista que este aspecto vem sendo bem explorado na literatura especializada, o presente trabalho concentra sua explicação na mudança no padrão de distribuição de renda. Analisando por esse prisma, chega-se à conclusão adicional de que não se trata de endividamento das famílias, ou dos consumidores em geral, mas, mais especificamente, de uma parcela destes, os trabalhadores norte-americanos, que se endividaram para financiar seus gastos, em um contexto de salários reais estagnados. Por fim, os rumos da economia norte-americana pós-crise são brevemente avaliados. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the origins of a critical process in the North American economy before the subprime crisis, namely, the increasing debt of households. It is argued that causes of this indebtedness are alterations in income distribution (an increased concentration of income) and the process of financial deregulation and innovation, developed in the late 1970s. Considering that the latter has previously been explored in great detail, this particular examination explores the changes on income distribution pattern. Based on this perspective, it is concluded that the indebtedness does not come from families or households in general but, more specifically, from North American workers, who had to finance their spending through an on-going stagnation, or even deterioration, of the real wages at their disposal. Further, the direction of the North American economy after the crisis is evaluated in the contexts of these findings.

Suggested Citation

  • Lucas Azeredo da Silva Teixeira, 2012. "Uma Investigação Sobre a Desigualdade na Distribuição de Renda e o Endividamento dos Trabalhadores Norte-Americanos dos Anos 1980 Aos Anos 2000," Discussion Papers 1695, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:1695
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