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Abstract
Entre as diretrizes originais do Programa Nacional de Produção e Uso do Biodiesel (PNPB), criado em 2003 pelo governo federal, foram incluídas práticas de inclusão social e desenvolvimento regional mediante a redução da alíquota do Programa de Integração Social (PIS)/Programa de Formação do Patrimônio do Servidor Público (PASEP) e Contribuição para o Financiamento da Seguridade Social (Cofins) para aqueles produtores de biodiesel que possuam o Selo Combustível Social. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar qual o impacto que o PNPB teve sobre a produção de matériaprima para biodiesel realizada por agricultores das regiões Norte e Nordeste. Ele visa avaliar se a redução das alíquotas de PIS/PASEP e Cofins das usinas de biodiesel que compram óleo de mamona e de dendê no Norte e Nordeste resultou em um estímulo significativo para a produção agrícola dessas duas regiões. Na análise desenvolvida, constatou-se uma pequena participação do Norte e do Nordeste na produção brasileira de biodiesel, o que é um indício significativo do descompasso existente entre as diretrizes originais do PNPB e o que ocorre na prática cinco anos após a criação desse programa. Among the original guidelines of the National Program of Biodiesel Production and Use (PNPB), created by Brazilian Government in 2003, some practices of social inclusion and regional development were included. This was done by reducing the rate of PIS/PASEP and Cofins taxes for those biodiesel producers that withhold the Social Fuel Seal. The aim of this study was to analyze what impact the PNPB had on the production of feedstock for biodiesel made by farmers in North and Northeast regions. It aims to assess whether the reduction in rates from PIS/PASEP and Cofins of biodiesel plants that buy castor oil and palm oil in the North and Northeast resulted in a significant stimulus to agricultural production in these two regions. The analysis performed found that there was only a small participation of Brazil`s North and Northeast regions in the biodiesel production, which is a significant indication of the mismatch between the original guidelines of the PNPB and what actually happens five years after the creation of this Program.
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