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The Demand and Supply of Money Under High Inflation: Brazil 1974/94

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  • Octávio A. F. Tourinho

Abstract

A specification for the demand for money in economies where inflation is high and stochastic is presented. It uses a generalized functional form and includes the variance of the inflation rate as an explanatory variable, and is estimated for Brazil in the period 1974/94 under the assumption that the monetary policy is passive and that expectations are adaptive. The supply of money is then specified as a generalization to a stochastic environment of the rule proposed by Sargent and Wallace (1973). The money demand and supply equations are then estimated simultaneously, under rational expectations, by using the Johansen (1991) (VEC) procedure and interpreting the two cointegrating vectors which arise as the supply and demand equations. The restrictions suggested by the hypothesized theoretical models for the money market equilibrium in high inflation processes are tested and accepted for this data. Apresenta-se neste artigo uma especificação para o equilíbrio monetário em uma economia onde a taxa de inflação é elevada e estocástica. A equação de demanda por moeda utiliza a forma funcional generalizada de Box-Cox e inclui a variância da inflação como uma variável explicativa. A oferta de moeda é especificada como uma generalização para o ambiente estocástico da regra proposta por Sargent e Wallace. O sistema de equações é estimado para os dados brasileiros do período 1974/94 de dois modos. Primeiro, a sua forma reduzida é estimada sob a hipótese de que a política monetária é passiva e de que as expectativas são adaptativas Em seguida, ele é estimado em sua forma estrutural, sob a hipótese de que as expectativas são racionais, usando o procedimento VEC de Johansen. Argumenta-se que os dois vetores de cointegração que são obtidos podem ser interpretados como representações das equações de oferta e demanda de moeda. Finalmente, as restrições extraídas dos modelos teóricos apresentados na primeira parte do artigo para caracterizar o equilíbrio de mercado sob condições de inflação elevada são aceitas no teste empírico do modelo para estes dados.

Suggested Citation

  • Octávio A. F. Tourinho, 2015. "The Demand and Supply of Money Under High Inflation: Brazil 1974/94," Discussion Papers 0068, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:0068
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    References listed on IDEAS

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