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Does the Gini index represent people's views on inequality?

Author

Listed:
  • Brice Magdalou

    (CNRS, AMSE, France)

  • Gaëlle Aymeric

    (CEE-M, University of Montpellier, France)

Abstract

This paper presents findings from a web-experiment on a representative sample of the French population. It examines the acceptability of the Pigou-Dalton principle of transfers, which posits that transferring income from an individual to a relatively poorer one, reduces overall inequality. While up to 60% of respondents reject standard transfers, the three alternative transfers we test receive more approval, especially those promoting solidarity among lower-income recipients. The study then models respondents’ preferences with two types of social welfare functions, utilitarian and Extended Gini. The Extended Gini model aligns better with individual preferences. Nevertheless, Extended Gini-type social welfare functions that adhere to the principle of transfers (including the one underlying the Gini index) poorly capture preferences of each individual. However, quite surprisingly, the preferences of the median individual align almost perfectly with the Gini-based function, using either parametric or non-parametric estimates.

Suggested Citation

  • Brice Magdalou & Gaëlle Aymeric, 2024. "Does the Gini index represent people's views on inequality?," Working Papers 678, ECINEQ, Society for the Study of Economic Inequality.
    • Handle: RePEc:inq:inqwps:ecineq2024-678
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Magdalou, Brice, 2021. "A model of social welfare improving transfers," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 196(C).
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Gini Index; Web Experiment; Progressive Transfers; Social Welfare Functions; Inequality; Utilitarianism; Extended Gini; Ethical Preferences;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C51 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric Modeling - - - Model Construction and Estimation
    • C99 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Design of Experiments - - - Other
    • D31 - Microeconomics - - Distribution - - - Personal Income and Wealth Distribution
    • D63 - Microeconomics - - Welfare Economics - - - Equity, Justice, Inequality, and Other Normative Criteria and Measurement

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