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What is Driving Financial De-Dollarization in Latin America?

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  • Ms. Mercedes Garcia-Escribano
  • Mr. Sebastian Sosa

Abstract

In the last decade, a group of Latin American countries (Bolivia, Paraguay, Peru, and Uruguay) experienced a gradual, yet sustained decline in financial dollarization. This paper documents the stylized facts and uses a standard VAR approach to examine the drivers of both deposit and credit de-dollarization. It finds that the exchange rate appreciation has been a key factor explaining deposit de-dollarization. The introduction of prudential measures to create incentives to internalize the risks of dollarization (including an active management of reserve requirement differentials), the development of a capital market in local currency, and de-dollarization of deposits have all contributed to a decline in credit dollarization. Continuing efforts on these fronts, while maintaining macroeconomic stability and strong fundamentals, would help deepening de-dollarization.

Suggested Citation

  • Ms. Mercedes Garcia-Escribano & Mr. Sebastian Sosa, 2011. "What is Driving Financial De-Dollarization in Latin America?," IMF Working Papers 2011/010, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2011/010
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    2. Brown, Martin & De Haas, Ralph & Sokolov, Vladimir, 2013. "Regional Inflation and Financial Dollarization," Working Papers on Finance 1327, University of St. Gallen, School of Finance.
    3. International Monetary Fund, 2014. "Paraguay: Selected Issues," IMF Staff Country Reports 2014/061, International Monetary Fund.
    4. Ms. Corinne C Delechat & Ms. Camila Henao Arbelaez & Ms. Priscilla S Muthoora & Svetlana Vtyurina, 2012. "The Determinants of Banks' Liquidity Buffers in Central America," IMF Working Papers 2012/301, International Monetary Fund.
    5. Mariya Hake & Fernando Lopez-Vicente & Luis Molina, 2014. "Do the Drivers of Loan Dollarization Differ between CESEE and Latin America? A Meta-Analysis," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 1, pages 8-35.
    6. Mr. Luis Catão & Mr. Marco Terrones, 2016. "Financial De-Dollarization: A Global Perspective and the Peruvian Experience," IMF Working Papers 2016/097, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Skylar Brooks, 2021. "Revisiting the Monetary Sovereignty Rationale for CBDCs," Discussion Papers 2021-16, Bank of Canada.
    8. Kristina V. Shvandar & Lyubov I. Khomyakova, 2022. "Regional Payment Systems of Asia, Africa, Latin America as a Tool for Regional Integration. Prospects for the Eurasian Economic Union," Finansovyj žhurnal — Financial Journal, Financial Research Institute, Moscow 125375, Russia, issue 2, pages 43-54, April.
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    10. Mr. Geoffrey J Bannister & Mr. Jarkko Turunen & Malin Gardberg, 2018. "Dollarization and Financial Development," IMF Working Papers 2018/200, International Monetary Fund.
    11. Sami Ben Naceur & Amr Hosny & Gregory Hadjian, 2019. "How to de-dollarize financial systems in the Caucasus and Central Asia?," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 56(6), pages 1979-1999, June.
    12. Thomas Scheiber & Caroline Stern, 2016. "Currency substitution in CESEE: why do households prefer euro payments?," Focus on European Economic Integration, Oesterreichische Nationalbank (Austrian Central Bank), issue 4, pages 73-98.
    13. Patrick A. Imam & Erlend Nier & Mr. Luis Ignacio Jácome, 2012. "Building Blocks for Effective Macroprudential Policies in Latin America: Institutional Considerations," IMF Working Papers 2012/183, International Monetary Fund.
    14. Shijaku, Gerti, 2016. "Foreign currency lending in Albania," MPRA Paper 79087, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    15. Mr. Santiago Acosta Ormaechea & Mr. David O Coble Fernandez, 2011. "The Monetary Transmission in Dollarized and Non-Dollarized Economies: The Cases of Chile, New Zealand, Peru and Uruguay," IMF Working Papers 2011/087, International Monetary Fund.
    16. Martín Tobal, 2013. "Currency Mismatch: New Database and Indicators for Latin America and the Caribbean," Documentos de Investigación - Research Papers 12, CEMLA.

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