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Human Capital Convergence: International Evidence

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  • Miss Randa Sab
  • Mr. Stephen C. Smith

Abstract

In the growth literature, evidence on income convergence is mixed. In the development literature, health and education indicators are also often used. This study examines whether health and education levels are converging across countries and calculates their convergence speed, using data from 100 countries during 1970–96. A 3SLS procedure is used in a joint analysis of human capital convergence. The results confirm that investments in education and health are closely linked. We find unconditional convergence for life expectancy and infant survival, and enrollment rates, on average and by gender; and conditional convergence for all human capital indicators, including class size.

Suggested Citation

  • Miss Randa Sab & Mr. Stephen C. Smith, 2001. "Human Capital Convergence: International Evidence," IMF Working Papers 2001/032, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2001/032
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Vanesa Jordá & José Sarabia, 2015. "International Convergence in Well-Being Indicators," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 120(1), pages 1-27, January.
    2. Deniz GÜVEN & Türker ŞİMŞEK & Ahmet GÜVEN, 2018. "Sağlık Yönetimi Kapsamında Sağlık Harcamalarının Ekonomik Büyüme Üzerine Etkisi: MENA Ülkeleri Üzerine Bir Panel Regresyon Analizi," Sosyoekonomi Journal, Sosyoekonomi Society, issue 26(37).
    3. Eric Neumayer, 2004. "HIV/AIDS and Cross‐National Convergence in Life Expectancy," Population and Development Review, The Population Council, Inc., vol. 30(4), pages 727-742, December.
    4. Eric Neumayer, 2004. "HIV/AIDS and its impact on convergence in life expectancy, infant and child survival rates," HEW 0405001, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    5. Heylen, Fanny, 2010. "Analyzing the poverty impact of the enhanced Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative in Bolivia," Documentos de trabajo 1/2010, Instituto de Investigaciones Socio-Económicas (IISEC), Universidad Católica Boliviana.
    6. Uzma Afzal, 2012. "Human Capital Convergence: Evidence from the Punjab," Lahore Journal of Economics, Department of Economics, The Lahore School of Economics, vol. 17(1), pages 45-61, Jan-June.
    7. Linda Glawe & Carlos Mendez, 2023. "Schooling Ain’t Learning in Europe: A Club Convergence Perspective," Comparative Economic Studies, Palgrave Macmillan;Association for Comparative Economic Studies, vol. 65(2), pages 324-361, June.
    8. Sajjad Barkhordari & Maryam Fattahi & Naser Ali Azimi, 2019. "The Impact of Knowledge-Based Economy on Growth Performance: Evidence from MENA Countries," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 10(3), pages 1168-1182, September.
    9. Christopher GRIGORIOU & Patrick GUILLAUMONT, 2003. "A Dynamic Child Survival Function: Natural Convergence and Economic Policy," Working Papers 200333, CERDI.
    10. Piotr Tadeusz Wójcik, 2022. "The parallel convergence of income and educational achievements: joint distribution dynamics," The Annals of Regional Science, Springer;Western Regional Science Association, vol. 68(3), pages 527-548, June.
    11. Kenny, Charles, 2005. "Why Are We Worried About Income? Nearly Everything that Matters is Converging," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 33(1), pages 1-19, January.

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