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The Efficiency of Education Expenditure in Portugal

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  • Mr. Benedict J. Clements

Abstract

This paper assesses the efficiency of education expenditure in Portugal and delineates a possible agenda for reform. Portugal’s low educational performance has coincided with the highest level of primary and secondary education expenditure to GDP in the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), suggesting considerable inefficiency. Empirical results from the application of a nonparametric technique for production frontier estimation (Free Disposable Hull analysis) support this view. Among the reforms that could be considered to raise educational efficiency are the adoption of a goal-oriented management and incentive system; establishment of minimum student/teacher ratios; and an easing of employment and work rules governing public school teachers.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. Benedict J. Clements, 1999. "The Efficiency of Education Expenditure in Portugal," IMF Working Papers 1999/179, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:1999/179
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Shalabh Kumar Singh & Basanta K. Pradhan, 2010. "Policy Reforms and Financing of Elementary Education in India: A Study of the Quality of Service and Outcome," Working Papers id:2849, eSocialSciences.
    2. Ivana Å tulec & Petljak Kristina & Anja Kukor, 2021. "The Role of Store Layout and Visual Merchandising in Food Retailing," European Journal of Economics and Business Studies Articles, Revistia Research and Publishing, vol. 2, January -.
    3. Kellermann, Kersten & Schlag, Carsten-Henning, 2006. "Bildung als öffentliche Aufgabe in Liechtenstein: Eine ökonomische Analyse des Bildungswesens unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Hochschule. Studie im Auftrag der Regierung des Fürstentums Liechten," KOFL Studien, Konjunkturforschungsstelle Liechtenstein (KOFL), Vaduz, volume 3, number 3.
    4. Rossana Patrón, 2009. "Can more education be bad? Some simple analytics on financing education," Documentos de Trabajo (working papers) 1709, Department of Economics - dECON.
    5. Diaz-Serrano, Luis & Meix-Llop, Enric, 2012. "Do Fiscal and Political Decentralization Raise Students' Performance? A Cross-Country Analysis," IZA Discussion Papers 6722, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    6. Mr. Francesco Grigoli, 2012. "Public Expenditure in the Slovak Republic: Composition and Technical Efficiency," IMF Working Papers 2012/173, International Monetary Fund.
    7. Mota, Rui Pedro & Domingos, Tiago & Martins, Victor, 2010. "Analysis of genuine saving and potential green net national income: Portugal, 1990-2005," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 69(10), pages 1934-1942, August.
    8. Mota, Rui Pedro & Domingos, Tiago, 2013. "Assessment of the theory of comprehensive national accounting with data for Portugal," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 188-196.

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