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¿Es el crecimiento económico bueno para los pobres? Seguimiento del ingreso bajo con medias generales

Author

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  • James E. Foster
  • Miguel Székely

Abstract

(Disponible en idioma inglés únicamente) En este trabajo proponemos el uso de una metodología alternativa para hacer el seguimiento de bajos niveles de ingresos, basándonos en la familia de funciones de ingreso equivalente de distribución igual de Atkinson (1970), llamadas aquí de media general. Mostramos una nueva caracterización de la media general que justifica su uso en este contexto. Nuestro método para evaluar los efectos del crecimiento en el ingreso de los pobres se basa en una comparación de los niveles de crecimiento de dos niveles de vida: la media ordinaria y una media general sensible al extremo inferior. La pregunta que nos motivó es: ¿en qué medida va acompañado el crecimiento de la media ordinaria con el crecimiento de la media general? Un indicador clave de este enfoque es la elasticidad del crecimiento de la media general, o la variación porcentual de la media general sobre la variación porcentual de la media usual. Nuestro análisis empírico calcula esta elasticidad del crecimiento para un conjunto de datos que contiene 144 encuestas de hogares en 20 países durante los últimos 25 años. Entre otros resultados, hallamos que la elasticidad del crecimiento de la media sensible al extremo inferior es positiva, pero considerablemente más pequeña que uno. Esto sugiere que los ingresos de los pobres no crecen según una relación de uno a uno con los ingresos promedio.

Suggested Citation

  • James E. Foster & Miguel Székely, 2001. "¿Es el crecimiento económico bueno para los pobres? Seguimiento del ingreso bajo con medias generales," Research Department Publications 4270, Inter-American Development Bank, Research Department.
    • Handle: RePEc:idb:wpaper:4270
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