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育児資源の利用可能性が出産および就業の選択に与える影響, The Effect of Childcare Resources on Fertility and Married Women's Work in Japan

Author

Listed:
  • 吉田, 浩
  • Yoshida, Hiroshi
  • ヨシダ, ヒロシ
  • 水落, 正明
  • Mizuochi, Masaaki
  • ミズオチ, マサアキ

Abstract

本稿の目的は、育児資源である保育所および夫婦の親による育児の利用可能性が、夫婦の出生力に与える影響を明らかにすることである。これまでの経済学的研究においては、出産・育児と妻の就業が強いトレード・オフの関係にあり、女性の就業率の増加が出生力の低下をもたらしていることが指摘されている。そこで本稿では、そうしたトレード・オフの関係を前提とした上で、育児資源が出生力にどのような影響を与えるのかを検証した。上記の目的のため本稿では、家計内生産理論に基づき、インターネットを通じて独自に収集したデータから実証分析を行った。その結果、出産・育児と妻の就業の同時決定について考慮した推定により、以下のような知見が得られた。第1に、保育所の利用可能性の高さは、限定的ではあるが、出生力を高める効果がある。第2に、夫婦の親による育児の利用可能性の高さについては、妻の親では出産を促進する効果があるのに対し、夫の親では促進効果は確認できなかった。第3に、出産・育児と妻の就業のトレード・オフの関係は、第1子の出産で確認されたのみで、それ以降の出産では確認されず限定的である。, Many economic researches point out trade-off between childbearing and married women's work causes fertility decline. So, we examines whether childcare resources effect fertility or not under that trade-off. Childcare resources in the paper are day-care centers and childcare supports by couple's parents. Our estimation uses the data inquired through the internet. The empirical analysis shows the following results; First, the availability of day-care centers has a weak positive effect on fertility. Second, the availability of childcare supports by parents on wives' side has a positive effect on fertility though on husbands' side has no effects. Third, trade-off between childbearing and married women's work is limited.

Suggested Citation

  • 吉田, 浩 & Yoshida, Hiroshi & ヨシダ, ヒロシ & 水落, 正明 & Mizuochi, Masaaki & ミズオチ, マサアキ, 2004. "育児資源の利用可能性が出産および就業の選択に与える影響, The Effect of Childcare Resources on Fertility and Married Women's Work in Japan," Discussion Paper 219, Center for Intergenerational Studies, Institute of Economic Research, Hitotsubashi University.
    • Handle: RePEc:hit:piedp1:219
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