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Lender of Last Resort in a Peripheral Economy with a Fixed Exchange Rate: Financial Crises and Monetary Policy in Sweden under the Silver and Gold Standards, 1834 – 1913

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  • Ögren, Anders

    (Institute for Research in Economic History)

Abstract

According to the classical view, an economy’s lender of last resort should be its central bank. For brief periods of time, the bank might suspend convertibility in order to provide the liquidity needed to support the domestic credit market. Recent experience of financial crises demonstrates the conflict between maintaining a fixed exchange rate and serving as a lender of last resort. The lesson of Sweden’s history of crises under the classical specie standard is that a transitional, capital importing economy has to pay closer attention to the specie standard rules than do capital exporting economies. While the Swedish central bank, for a limited time, could support the credit market within the limits of the specie standard, if the crises persisted support mechanisms other than abandoning convertibility were required. The solution adopted was to import high powered money through loans guaranteed by the Swedish State.

Suggested Citation

  • Ögren, Anders, 2003. "Lender of Last Resort in a Peripheral Economy with a Fixed Exchange Rate: Financial Crises and Monetary Policy in Sweden under the Silver and Gold Standards, 1834 – 1913," SSE/EFI Working Paper Series in Economics and Finance 537, Stockholm School of Economics, revised 15 Oct 2003.
    • Handle: RePEc:hhs:hastef:0537
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Forrest H. Capie & Geoffrey E. Wood, 1995. "A European Lender of Last Resort? Some Lessons from History," Palgrave Macmillan Books, in: Jaime Reis (ed.), International Monetary Systems in Historical Perspective, chapter 9, pages 209-229, Palgrave Macmillan.
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      More about this item

      Keywords

      Classical silver and gold standards; Financial Crises; Fractional Reserves; Lender of Last Resort; Monetary Policy;
      All these keywords.

      JEL classification:

      • E42 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Monetary Sytsems; Standards; Regimes; Government and the Monetary System
      • E58 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit - - - Central Banks and Their Policies
      • N13 - Economic History - - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics; Industrial Structure; Growth; Fluctuations - - - Europe: Pre-1913
      • N23 - Economic History - - Financial Markets and Institutions - - - Europe: Pre-1913

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