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Baisse du recours aux soins dans les zones rurales en Chine

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  • Carine Milcent

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement, PSE - Paris-Jourdan Sciences Economiques - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - INRA - Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - ENPC - École des Ponts ParisTech - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, THU - Tsinghua University [Beijing])

Abstract

Alors que de nombreux travaux ont été effectués à propos de l'effet de l'assurance santé sur la demande de soins, l'effet de l'urbanisation, du processus d'industrialisation et les changements de l'offre de soins n'ont reçu jusqu'ici que peu d'attention. Les données mobilisées proviennent du China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS) couvrant la période 1991-2006. Avec le processus d'industrialisation, le nombre d'habitants des zones rurales ayant une activité agricole se réduit. Les zones rurales en voie d'urbanisation développent en priorité les systèmes de transport. L'offre de soins, sous l'impulsion de l'état central et provincial s'est modifiée. Les soins offerts sont de meilleure qualité, l'infrastructure publique s'est concentrée et est mieux équipée et une infrastructure privée et de proximité s'est développée. Par ailleurs, le financement public des établissements publics s'est fortement réduit et les établissements ont utilisé les médicaments et les actes de diagnostic comme générateur de profit. Au final, les habitants des zones rurales travaillant à l'extérieur et ayant un revenu conséquent ont accès à des soins de meilleure qualité qu'avant les réformes économiques. En revanche, les fermiers ayant un faible revenu et peu de mobilité ont vu leur situation se dégrader. Nous montrons que ce constat est d'autant plus vrai que la zone rurale est en développement.

Suggested Citation

  • Carine Milcent, 2011. "Baisse du recours aux soins dans les zones rurales en Chine," Working Papers halshs-00653450, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:wpaper:halshs-00653450
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    References listed on IDEAS

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