Revue de littérature sur les impacts et retombées territoriales des méga-événements sportifs

The subject of this paper is the impact of mega-events on a local area. Over the next few months, France will be hosting the Rugby World Cup and the Olympic and Paralympic Games. This work consists of identifying and studying the various impacts identified in the literature, through qualitative or quantitative surveys and econometric studies. This makes it possible to identify the impacts on the national and regional economy, particularly in the tourism sector through job creation, but also the limitations of the literature in measuring these impacts. We also note the presence of socio-economic effects that are less mentioned in the literature, such as social 5 impacts that are both positive, with projects for integration through sport, but also negative, such as the management of homeless people. There are also impacts on development and the environment, with the modernisation of the host cities' transport networks. Finally, we discussed the importance of coordination between the event organisers and the political actors, with the aim of promoting the practice of sport and improving the health of the population. So, a mega-event will generate many impacts, affecting several areas. In future studies, it may be interesting to measure all of these impacts after the Rugby World Cup, which ends on 28 October 2023, by conducting surveys and econometric studies. The aim is to obtain more accurate results than the estimates made before the event, which tend to overestimate the impact of this event.