Application of double social sanction for generalized credit granting models in microfinance[Application de double sanction sociale pour les modèles généralisés d'octroi de crédit en microfinance]

In this article, we apply the double social sanction for generalized credit granting models in microfinance. These generalized models are the basis of a Markov chain and allow the consideration of a certain number of states of nature whether in the case of an individual loan contract or a group loan contract. which are among others: the initial state $A^1$, the states $B_1$, $B_2$, $B_3$, $I$, $I_1$ and $I_2$ of being a beneficiary including financial inclusion and the excluded states $A^T$ \ldots $A^2$ representing the ($T- 1$) states of financial exclusion. In relation to these states, the application of social sanctions allows the institution to implicitly discriminate between borrowers and to find a compromised balance from the choice point of view and from the repayment point of view. For a social sanction considered too strong, the least risky borrowers will prefer the individual loan contract. Thus, they do not have to suffer any possible social sanction and do not have to possibly pay the transfer charge of the joint responsibility. On the other hand, with low social sanctions, borrowers will lean towards the group loan contract.