De l'aide multicritère à la décision à l'aide multicritère à l'évaluation

This document tries to contribute to the development of tools for multicriteria aiding evaluation1. For this purpose, it presents an approach which consists of structuring the problem through objectives, then to understand their reach by using criteria in order to establish a diagnosis, give warning, conduct a trend analysis and not systematically consider decision. It naturally leads us to compare decision aiding to evaluation aiding. Then, to illustrate this approach in transports and environment field, a series of interviews was conducted to structure objectives using a method strongly inspired by Keeney2. Then, to face the conflict between the simplicity and the transparency of an evaluation's result, we propose an aggregation-desaggregation approach. This approach is to aggregate criteria at all the levels of the objectives tree, using ELECTRE TRI3 multicriteria aggregation method. We illustrate that by an example of modeling. This example uses categories of ATMO index4 (well-known index in the field of air quality) while proposing a different way of aggregating criteria. On this occasion, we show that ELECTRE TRI is a natural extension of ATMO.