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Performances et politiques de croissance : un éclairage empirique à partir d'une étude de l'effet de la taille des pays et nouvelles réflexions théoriques

Author

Listed:
  • Mauro Napoletano

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

  • Jean-Luc Gaffard

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

Les stratégies de croissance visent généralement à améliorer les conditions d'offre lesquelles sont censées déterminer le taux de croissance potentiel. La demande est reléguée au rang de variable qui n'influence le produit et l'emploi qu'à court terme. La condition sine qua non pour que cette affirmation soit vraie est que l'économie soit parfaitement coordonnée, quel que soit l'équilibre sur lequel elle est coordonnée. Si tel n'est pas le cas, les déséquilibres de marché se propagent, des effets d'hystérèse se manifestent, qui impliquent que la demande influence les performances à moyen terme. De fait, une analyse empirique des performances de croissance, des contributions de la demande et des politiques mises en œuvre dans différents pays de l'OCDE, sur deux périodes différentes, conforte cette appréciation. L'emploi des techniques non paramétriques d'analyse des distributions entre groupes de pays, en contrôlant pour la taille et l'appartenance à la zone euro, révèle des différences marquées de performances entre pays de taille différente, mais aussi de même taille. Ces différences sont davantage marquées au sein de la zone euro qu'à l'extérieur. Elles sont liées à des dynamiques divergentes des composantes de la demande ainsi qu'à des différences de stratégies budgétaires, d'ouverture et structurelles. De tels résultats empiriques appellent à réfléchir sur les voies et moyens d'une analyse de moyen terme des modes et des politiques de croissance.

Suggested Citation

  • Mauro Napoletano & Jean-Luc Gaffard, 2010. "Performances et politiques de croissance : un éclairage empirique à partir d'une étude de l'effet de la taille des pays et nouvelles réflexions théoriques," SciencePo Working papers Main hal-01023773, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:spmain:hal-01023773
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.112.0213
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal-sciencespo.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01023773
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    dynamique de distribution; politiques d'offre et de demande; taille des pays; zone euro; croissance; demande;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • E63 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Comparative or Joint Analysis of Fiscal and Monetary Policy; Stabilization; Treasury Policy
    • E65 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Macroeconomic Policy, Macroeconomic Aspects of Public Finance, and General Outlook - - - Studies of Particular Policy Episodes
    • C14 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Econometric and Statistical Methods and Methodology: General - - - Semiparametric and Nonparametric Methods: General

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