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Dans les vapeurs de la chimie : la nouvelle industrie de la soie artificielle et sa main-d’oeuvre en France (années 1890-1930)

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  • Hervé Joly

    (TRIANGLE - Triangle : action, discours, pensée politique et économique - ENS de Lyon - École normale supérieure de Lyon - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - IEP Lyon - Sciences Po Lyon - Institut d'études politiques de Lyon - Université de Lyon - UJM - Université Jean Monnet - Saint-Étienne - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

The artificial textile industry employed during almost one century up to several tens of thousands of workers in France. The production relies on artificial fibres produced through a chemical treatment of natural substances like cotton or wood cellulose. There was talk of "artificial silk" until the prohibition of this designation by a 1934 law and its replacement by the term "rayon". After tracing the dramatic increase of production sites in France during the 1900's-1920's, sometimes ephemeral ones because of the Great Depression, this paper studies the largely feminine and migrant recruitment of the working force between the two wars through the population of working-class cities from two factories. The hard sanitary working conditions in those firms are notably at the origin of several important strikes, even if the level conflict appears to be rather weaker than in the whole textile industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Hervé Joly, 2021. "Dans les vapeurs de la chimie : la nouvelle industrie de la soie artificielle et sa main-d’oeuvre en France (années 1890-1930)," Post-Print halshs-03478300, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-03478300
    DOI: 10.3917/lms1.276.0171
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-03478300
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    Keywords

    immigration; workforce; textile industry; artificial fibers; artificial silk; main-d'oeuvre; industrie textile; textiles artificiels; fibres artificielles;
    All these keywords.

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