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Les déterminants de l'inégalité et le rôle de l'équité dans les pays du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord

Author

Listed:
  • Caroline Daymon

    (CEFI - Centre d'économie et de finances internationales - Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Céline Gimet

    (GATE - Groupe d'analyse et de théorie économique - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENS LSH - Ecole Normale Supérieure Lettres et Sciences Humaines - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

L'objet de cet article est d'évaluer la position de certains pays de la région Moyen-Orient et Afrique du Nord (MOAN) par rapport aux différentes théories sur la relation entre croissance, inégalité et équité, afin de déterminer les principales sources de réduction de la pauvreté. A cet effet, trois relations sont successivement testées : l'hypothèse de Kuznets, la théorie de la « propoor growth », ainsi que les déterminants de l'inégalité à travers une étude en données de panel sur la période 1980-2003. Les pays du MOAN étant encore éloignés du point de retournement défini par Kuznets, il convient donc de favoriser les politiques qui réduisent l'inéquité sociale et mettent les pauvres au coeur du processus de croissance. L'analyse suggère que les principaux enjeux de ce débat se situent dans l'efficacité de l'éducation, la réduction des inégalités de genre et le recours au crédit bancaire dans un contexte d'amélioration de l'efficience des marchés.

Suggested Citation

  • Caroline Daymon & Céline Gimet, 2007. "Les déterminants de l'inégalité et le rôle de l'équité dans les pays du Moyen-Orient et de l'Afrique du Nord," Post-Print halshs-00371042, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00371042
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-00371042
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Dollar, David & Kraay, Aart, 2002. "Growth Is Good for the Poor," Journal of Economic Growth, Springer, vol. 7(3), pages 195-225, September.
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    5. Gerardo Angeles-Castro, 2006. "The Relationship Between Economic Growth and Inequality: Evidence from the Age of Market Liberalism," Studies in Economics 0601, School of Economics, University of Kent.
    6. World Bank, 2003. "World Development Indicators 2003," World Bank Publications - Books, The World Bank Group, number 13920.
    7. Son, Hyun Hwa, 2004. "A note on pro-poor growth," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 82(3), pages 307-314, March.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    développement; distribution; équité; inégalité; MOAN; propoor growth;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • D3 - Microeconomics - - Distribution
    • C23 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Models with Panel Data; Spatio-temporal Models
    • I32 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Welfare, Well-Being, and Poverty - - - Measurement and Analysis of Poverty

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