Foundations and conditions of green jobs in developing economies: Systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis[Fondements et conditions des emplois verts dans les économies en développement : revue systématique de la littérature et analyse bibliométrique]

This article examines the challenges and opportunities for implementing Green Jobs (GJs) in developing economies. A systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis of 516 scientific articles reveals a tension between short-term economic aspirations and long-term sustainable goals. The objective is to identify the conditions under which green jobs can effectively contribute to sustainable development in these economies. In the current context marked by multiple shocks, the concept of green jobs is perceived as a potential response to crises. However, debates about its definition persist, particularly in developing economies that are often overlooked and that question both the "green" and "jobs" components of GJs. The pervasive informal sector in these economies presents both a challenge and an opportunity for the green transition. The success of this transition is contingent upon substantial investments in human capital, as well as a long-term vision that harmoniously integrates economic and sustainability considerations. Emerging small-scale technologies appear as transformative opportunities, especially in these contexts. However, for green jobs to be genuinely effective, they must be supported by a robust economic and legislative framework. The study concludes by emphasizing the underrepresentation of developing economies in the English-language literature on green jobs, underscoring the need for a more inclusive approach.