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Human capital and income inequality in the Democratic Republic of Congo
[Capital humain et inégalités du revenu en République Démocratique du Congo Human capital and income inequality in the Democratic Republic of Congo]

Author

Listed:
  • Elie BOLA BOONGO

    (UNIKIS - Université de Kisangani)

  • Jonathan KITOKO ASENGA

    (UNIKIS - Université de Kisangani)

  • Herman BOLEILANGA KOKO

    (Université de Mbandaka)

  • Paulson Kakule Mwira

    (ISP-MUHANGI - Institut Supérieur pédagogique de Muhangi)

  • Emmanuel Bofue Hiano

    (ISC-KIS - Institut supérieur de commerce de Kisangani)

  • Sarah Kitoko Bilefu

    (ISTM/KIS - Institut Supérieur des Techniques médicales de Kisangani)

Abstract

This research examines the relationship between human capital and income inequality in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) from 1990 to 2020. Using an Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) econometric model, the study assesses how factors such as human capital, trade openness, governance and GDP per capita which influence inequalities. The results of this study demonstrate that in the short term, during the period under study, the human capital indicator has no impact on the GINI index (income inequality) given the non-significance of its parameter, and that in the long term, human capital has a significantly positive impact on income inequality (GINI). Indeed, any increase in CH of 1 point leads to an increase in GINI of 1.77 points. The study recommends investing more in education, health, and improving governance to sustainably reduce income inequalities in the DRC.

Suggested Citation

  • Elie BOLA BOONGO & Jonathan KITOKO ASENGA & Herman BOLEILANGA KOKO & Paulson Kakule Mwira & Emmanuel Bofue Hiano & Sarah Kitoko Bilefu, 2025. "Human capital and income inequality in the Democratic Republic of Congo [Capital humain et inégalités du revenu en République Démocratique du Congo Human capital and income inequality in the Democr," Post-Print hal-04909621, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-04909621
    DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.14558209
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://hal.science/hal-04909621v1
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