Challenges and Resilience in Female Entrepreneurship in Mali: Socio-Economic Barriers and Survival Strategies[Défis et Résilience dans l'Entrepreneuriat Féminin au Mali : Barrières socio-économiques et stratégies de survie]

This study delves into female entrepreneurship in Mali, a context defined by complex and shifting socio-economic challenges. It thoroughly investigates the unique difficulties faced by Malian female entrepreneurs and their resilience strategies. Employing a mixed-method approach, the study combines qualitative and quantitative analyses, conducting interviews with 120 entrepreneurs. This allows for an understanding of both overarching trends and individual experiences. The findings reveal that, despite hurdles such as limited access to financing, marketing and communication challenges, and balancing professional and family responsibilities, these women play a vital yet often undervalued role in Mali's economy. Their adaptability is evident in their activity diversification and innovation. The analysis also highlights the impact of political and economic crises, including significant inflation, on female entrepreneurship. Existing supportive policies are hindered by bureaucratic issues and a lack of inter-institutional coordination. The theoretical framework draws on concepts such as female empowerment, social capital, and gender roles to better comprehend these experiences. The study enriches existing literature by focusing on an often-overlooked African context, thereby deepening the understanding of female entrepreneurship. It underscores the importance for policymakers to recognize and actively support female entrepreneurship and encourages managers to adopt inclusive practices. Targeted public policies and programs are essential to overcome challenges and maximize the potential of Malian female entrepreneurs. In conclusion, this research offers valuable insights into the complexities and dynamics of female entrepreneurship in Mali, highlighting the need to support these women entrepreneurs, who are significant contributors to their society and economy.