Dynamics of social protection in Morocco: Status and prospects[Dynamique de la protection sociale au Maroc : État des lieux et perspectives]

This article represents a conceptual literature, which focuses on the development of the protective function in Morocco. The importance of the development of social protection stem from the weight of the social issue in the economy as well as the degree of resistance of households against the various social risks. The interest in studying the history of social protection is to know the economic and social impact on households their spending, their dignity and well-being? since the household is not represented only in the status of a worker, on the other hand, it is necessary to be interested in the different sections of society to ensure that the social needs of the population are met. And the close relationship between social protection and growth is in particular to specify the nature of the relationship between the two variables. This article attempts to present the development of social protection following an analytical and comparative approach through the comparison of different theories of social protection to see the advantages and limitations. As well as the analysis of the trajectory of social protection which begins with traditional forms inspired by religion, then it took the form of social insurance with the colonial era in order to meet the needs of the French worker and then a mixed protection system inspired by the Bismarck theory and the biverdge theory. Currently, the political orientation of social security is based on a vision of a social protection system that meets the needs of households according to the life cycle due to the fact that each age group has specific needs and that the need to cover all groups is paramount. On the other hand, social protection in Morocco has undergone multiple reforms, the latest of which is the generalization of social coverage.