La résilience des infrastructures urbaines dans la smart city

A city can be viewed as a "system of systems", where various critical and supporting infrastructures contribute to overall functionality and resilience. Each of the urban infrastructures has a unique nature and plays a different role in the city, contributing to the functionality of other infrastructures, directly or indirectly, and forming a complex network of relationships, which characterizes modern cities and improves their efficiency (Liu and Song, 2007). of relationships, which characterizes modern cities and improves their efficiency (Liu and Song, 2020). Moreover, in many cases, these infrastructures are physically close to each other and, therefore, a damage or adverse event may affect several of them simultaneously. This complexity, interdependencies, and proximity exploit the vulnerability of the infrastructures and facilitate the propagation of failures from one to another, thus limiting the effectiveness of resilience assessment approaches (Mohebbi et al., 2020). In addition, the variation in parameters, type of service, and nature makes a straightforward and unified assessment approach impossible. We will see that there is no unified definition of infrastructure resilience, which has hindered the development of a simple assessment method for this resilience and poses the challenge of its measurement (1). Our field of application is the smart city, whose connected urban infrastructures are at the heart of various threats. In a second point, we will study the city of Dijon, which, with its On'Dijon project and in the absence of a standard model, serves as a textbook case for many cities in France and abroad (PUBLICA-KPMG,2021). From the outset, the Dijon metropolis has been noted for its ambition and its method, which places it among the world's leading intelligent cities. This is a relevant field for examining the resilience of urban infrastructures from the point of view of operators (2).