Selective or holistic integration in sustainable business models: understanding the distribution of value to stakeholders in French short food circuits[Intégration sélective ou holistique dans les modèles d'affaires soutenables: comprendre la distribution de valeur auprès des parties prenantes dans les circuits courts alimentaires français]

In a context of growing social and environmental challenges, the concept of sustainable business model appears as a response to the criticism of the capitalist orientation of the traditional business model. The sustainable business model is thus characterized by the creation, distribution and capture of multiple values - economic, social, environmental - by and for various stakeholders in a long-term perspective. While the creation of multiple values has already been the subject of research, the distribution and capture of these values remain the under-explored dimensions of the sustainable business model. In response, our study questions the appropriation of value(s) by stakeholders in a sector dedicated to a societal mission: the food short circuits. Our research reveals how 7 sustainable business models, belonging to the same sector of activity, integrate the types of values either selectively or holistically. These results show a heterogeneity in the patterns of value creation - distribution - capture by stakeholders, revealing different approaches to sustainability.