Maturité numérique du Maroc : Une analyse comparative dans le contexte des valeurs de l'indice de préparation aux réseaux[Morocco's Digital Maturity: A Comparative Analysis in the Context of Network Readiness Index Values]

Digital transformation is characterised by the combination of advanced technologies, the integration of physical and digital systems, innovative business models, new production processes and the creation of products and services based on advanced knowledge of needs (Almeida et al., 2020). Fitzgerald et al. (2014) distinguished between digital transformation and digital project, for the authors many projects are digital, but not transformational. In contrast to digital projects, which are about applying digital technologies to speed up business processes, eliminate inefficiencies and/or reduce costs, or even sell more; digital transformation explicitly involves using digital technologies to drive significant changes in the company's business model (Soto-Acosta, 2020). Driven by the Covid 19 crisis, the world has experienced a digital acceleration of a scale and magnitude that few would have imagined possible a few years ago (Dutta and Lanvin, 2021). Some emerging economies have taken advantage of this new normativity to accelerate their own digital transformation, but other economies have had to battle against being vulnerable to new kinds of digital fractures (Dutta and Lanvin, 2021). In such an international climate, Morocco is no stranger to the rule. In fact, the country has engaged in a digital transformation dynamic in order to provide continuity of public service (distance learning, assistance to vulnerable people, legal assistance...). The objective of this research paper is to perform a comparative analysis of the digital intensity and maturity of the Moroccan economy based on the evolution of the network readiness index, proposed by the World Economic Forum, over a period from 2013 to 2021. The findings of this study have implications for policy makers in order to take the necessary measures to correct the digital fracture resulting from the Covid 19 crisis. In addition, the results based on the network readiness index provide visibility to policymakers on the impact of technological progress on the economic and human dimensions.