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Fast logic?: Examining the time course assumption of dual process theory

Author

Listed:
  • Bence Bago

    (LIPADE - EA 2517 - Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes - UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5, LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240 - Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

  • Wim De Neys

    (LIPADE - EA 2517 - Laboratoire d'Informatique Paris Descartes - UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5, LaPsyDÉ - UMR 8240 - Laboratoire de psychologie du développement et de l'éducation de l'enfant - UNICAEN - Université de Caen Normandie - NU - Normandie Université - UPD5 - Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

Influential dual process models of human thinking posit that reasoners typically produce a fast, intuitive heuristic (i.e., Type-1) response which might subsequently be overridden and corrected by slower, deliberative processing (i.e., Type-2). In this study we directly tested this time course assumption. We used a two response paradigm in which participants have to give an immediate answer and afterwards are allowed extra time before giving a final response. In four experiments we used a range of procedures (e.g., challenging response deadline, concurrent load) to knock out Type 2 processing and make sure that the initial response was intuitive in nature. Our key finding is that we frequently observe correct, logical responses as the first, immediate response. Response confidence and latency analyses indicate that these initial correct responses are given fast, with high confidence, and in the face of conflicting heuristic responses. Findings suggest that fast and automatic Type 1 processing also cues a correct logical response from the start. We sketch a revised dual process model in which the relative strength of different types of intuitions determines reasoning performance.

Suggested Citation

  • Bence Bago & Wim De Neys, 2017. "Fast logic?: Examining the time course assumption of dual process theory," Post-Print hal-03510054, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03510054
    DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2016.10.014
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. repec:cup:judgdm:v:15:y:2020:i:5:p:660-684 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. repec:cup:judgdm:v:13:y:2018:i:1:p:23-32 is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Isler, Ozan & Yilmaz, Onurcan & Dogruyol, Burak, 2020. "Activating reflective thinking with decision justification and debiasing training," Judgment and Decision Making, Cambridge University Press, vol. 15(6), pages 926-938, November.
    4. Barnabas Szaszi & Bence Palfi & Aba Szollosi & Pascal J. Kieslich & Balazs Aczel, 2018. "Thinking dynamics and individual differences: Mouse-tracking analysis of the denominator neglect task," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 13(1), pages 23-32, January.
    5. repec:cup:judgdm:v:14:y:2019:i:2:p:170-178 is not listed on IDEAS
    6. Matthieu Raoelison & Wim De Neys, 2019. "Do we de-bias ourselves?: The impact of repeated presentation on the bat-and-ball problem," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 14(2), pages 170-178, March.
    7. Purcell, Zoe & J. Roberts, Andrew & J. Handley, Simon & Howarth, Stephanie, 2022. "Eye movements, pupil dilation, and conflict detection in reasoning: Exploring the evidence for intuitive logic," IAST Working Papers 22-147, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (IAST).
    8. Bago, Bence & Bonnefon, Jean-François & De Neys, Wim, 2021. "Intuition Rather Than Deliberation Determines Selfish and Prosocial Choices," TSE Working Papers 21-1213, Toulouse School of Economics (TSE).
    9. Mohammed Khalis & Hind Hourmat, 2021. "Exploring correspondence between social culture, and employees’ subjective well-being: A mystery revealed!," International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147-4478), Center for the Strategic Studies in Business and Finance, vol. 10(7), pages 175-185, October.
    10. Michał Białek & Wim De Neys, 2017. "Dual processes and moral conflict: Evidence for deontological reasoners’ intuitive utilitarian sensitivity," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 12(2), pages 148-167, March.
    11. Annika M. Svedholm-Häkkinen & Mika Kiikeri, 2022. "Cognitive miserliness in argument literacy? Effects of intuitive and analytic thinking on recognizing fallacies," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 17(2), pages 331-361, March.
    12. Carpenter, Jeffrey P. & Munro, David, 2022. "Do Losses Trigger Deliberative Reasoning?," IZA Discussion Papers 15292, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA).
    13. repec:cup:judgdm:v:12:y:2017:i:2:p:148-167 is not listed on IDEAS
    14. repec:cup:judgdm:v:17:y:2022:i:2:p:331-361 is not listed on IDEAS
    15. M. Asher Lawson & Richard P. Larrick & Jack B. Soll, 2020. "Comparing fast thinking and slow thinking: The relative benefits of interventions, individual differences, and inferential rules," Judgment and Decision Making, Society for Judgment and Decision Making, vol. 15(5), pages 660-684, September.
    16. repec:cup:judgdm:v:15:y:2020:i:6:p:926-938 is not listed on IDEAS
    17. Patricia L. Moravec & Antino Kim & Alan R. Dennis, 2020. "Appealing to Sense and Sensibility: System 1 and System 2 Interventions for Fake News on Social Media," Information Systems Research, INFORMS, vol. 31(3), pages 987-1006, September.
    18. Bago, Bence & Rand, David & Pennycook, Gordon, 2022. "Does deliberation decrease belief in conspiracies?," IAST Working Papers 22-137, Institute for Advanced Study in Toulouse (IAST).

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