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Du chaos financier au K.O. économique

Author

Listed:
  • Christophe Blot

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

  • Xavier Timbeau

    (OFCE - Observatoire français des conjonctures économiques (Sciences Po) - Sciences Po - Sciences Po)

Abstract

Depuis le mois d'août 2007, l'économie mondiale est frappée par une crise financière majeure qui plonge de nombreux pays dans les affres de la récession. La crise est venue du marché immobilier américain où de nombreux ménages ont été entraînés dans des montages spéculatifs – les prêts dits subprime – reposant sur la poursuite de la hausse des prix. La crise s'est ensuite propagée à l'ensemble du système financier par le biais de la titrisation, dont la finalité était pourtant de permettre une meilleure répartition des risques financiers. Loin d'être dilué, le risque s'est avéré concentré dans les portefeuilles des banques internationales qui ont alors subi des pertes colossales, conduisant notamment la banque d'affaires Lehman Brothers à la faillite en septembre 2008. La perte de confiance a gagné l'ensemble des marchés créant la panique et l'effondrement des cours boursiers. Les pertes de richesse et le durcissement des conditions de financement des agents non financiers ont freiné la consommation, l'investissement productif et en logement. Progressivement, la récession a touché un nombre toujours plus élevé de pays, industrialisés et en voie de développement. De fait, la crise remet en cause le schéma de croissance qui avait dynamisé l'économie mondiale depuis 2004. Elle est d'une telle ampleur qu'elle porte les germes d'un ralentissement durable de la croissance, le temps que le système bancaire mais aussi les ménages et les entreprises retrouvent une situation financière plus saine. De fait, la reprise n'est pas encore en vue, elle pourrait tarder à se manifester et surtout ne pas être suffisante pour effacer rapidement les pertes d'emplois constatées depuis plusieurs mois.

Suggested Citation

  • Christophe Blot & Xavier Timbeau, 2009. "Du chaos financier au K.O. économique," Post-Print hal-03460002, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03460002
    DOI: 10.3917/reof.110.0149
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://sciencespo.hal.science/hal-03460002
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    1. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqildh09h560mit97 is not listed on IDEAS
    2. Mathieu Plane & Georges Pujals, 2009. "Les banques dans la crise," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(3), pages 179-219.
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    7. Christophe Blot & Sabine Le Bayon & Matthieu Lemoine & Sandrine Levasseur, 2009. "De la crise financière à la crise économique. Une analyse comparative France-États-Unis," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(3), pages 255-281.
    8. Peter Hördahl & Michael R King, 2008. "Developments in repo markets during the financial turmoil," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.
    9. Karl E. Case & Robert J. Shiller, 2003. "Is There a Bubble in the Housing Market?," Brookings Papers on Economic Activity, Economic Studies Program, The Brookings Institution, vol. 34(2), pages 299-362.
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    Cited by:

    1. Eleni Iliopulos & Thepthida Sopraseuth, 2012. "L'intermédiation financière dans l'analyse macroéconomique : le défi de la crise," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 451(1), pages 91-130.
    2. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqildh09h61qna0rp is not listed on IDEAS
    3. Éric Heyer & Mathieu Plane & Xavier Timbeau, 2010. "Quelle dette publique à l'horizon 2030 en France ?," Revue de l'OFCE, Presses de Sciences-Po, vol. 0(1), pages 5-33.
    4. repec:hal:spmain:info:hdl:2441/5l6uh8ogmqildh09h61qna0rp is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Evelyne Rousselet & Sylvie Chevrier & Valérie Pallas-Saltiel, 2015. "Bricolage of identity to cope with crisis. Bank employees in times of turmoil," Post-Print hal-01176412, HAL.
    6. repec:hal:psewpa:halshs-00744047 is not listed on IDEAS

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    Keywords

    Crise financière; Récession;

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