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Depuis une vingtaine d’années et le constat d’un « paradoxe français », la prévention est affichée comme une priorité absolue des réformes du système de santé. Pourtant la dynamique de réforme est lente, puisqu’aujourd’hui encore le bilan d’inégalités sociales de santé criantes reste autant d’actualité. La prévention santé (ou prévention relevant du secteur de la santé) ne se décrète pas seulement : si elle nécessite une articulation entre l’échelon local et national, ou encore des incitations fortes auprès des usagers comme des professionnels de santé, elle doit aussi s’appuyer sur des évaluations économiques qui démontrent l’intérêt potentiel des programmes. Or, la normalisation des procédures institutionnelles et scientifiques d’évaluation a eu tendance à prôner les démarches « ex post » et à verrouiller l’option « ex ante » consistant à mobiliser les outils de l’analyse coûts-bénéfices. Cet article propose de réhabiliter cette méthode de prospective en prévention santé, pour accélérer l’adoption de mesures qui promettent d’atteindre plus d’efficacité technique mais aussi d’efficacité sociale dans le système de santé français
[Evaluating health prevention]

Author

Listed:
  • Laurence Hartmann

    (LIRSA - Laboratoire interdisciplinaire de recherche en sciences de l'action - CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM])

  • Jean de Kervasdoué

    (CNAM - Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM])

Abstract

For the past two decades, prevention has been considered an absolute priority in health system reforms, in light of the "French paradox". However, the reform process has been slow, since the situation of striking social inequalities in health is still relevant today. Health prevention (or prevention in the health sector) cannot be simply decreed: if it requires articulation between the local and national levels, or strong incentives for both users and health professionals, it must also be based on economic evaluations that demonstrate the potential interest of the programs. However, the standardization of institutional and scientific evaluation procedures has encouraged the use of "ex post" approaches and has prevented the "ex ante" option of using cost-benefit analysis tools. This article suggests rehabilitating this method of prospective in preventive health care, in order to accelerate the adoption of measures that promise to achieve greater technical efficiency but also social efficiency in the French health care system.

Suggested Citation

  • Laurence Hartmann & Jean de Kervasdoué, 2021. "Depuis une vingtaine d’années et le constat d’un « paradoxe français », la prévention est affichée comme une priorité absolue des réformes du système de santé. Pourtant la dynamique de réforme est len," Post-Print hal-03350899, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-03350899
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