Methodological Basis of Legal Personality of the State (Civil Aspects)

Article deals with the investigation the legal nature of the state. It was found that the state is the allied unity of settled people provided with primary power of primacy. The essence of the state lies in creation of conditions for the development of the civil society, implementation of shared interests of members of society. The state is a means of social compromise of members of civil society. It appears not only as a form of provision of such social compromise, but also as an active and equal member of the relevant legal relations. The ability of the state to be an active participant in social communications configures its natural right that can and should be implemented. As a result, the subject gets legal opportunities for its activities and transformed into a legal person the nature of which is revealed through the signs of interest, will of the subject and its individual separation. Since the state is a union of interests of persons united in the unified social organism for their support, the fact that the legal entity as a legal person synthesizes in itself not only characteristics peculiar to the corporation, but also characteristics peculiar to the state as a legal person is justified. Implementation of the civil capacity of the state is revealed through the institution of representation. The justification of universal character of legal capacity of the state is given. It is proved that the subject of legal relations is not the specified one, the nature of relations in which it stands is also not specified. The volume right of an individual, who is granted with certain powers from the principal, is specified. The special capacity is not peculiar to the state as a legal person, but to a relevant government authority that implements its own competence, for which it has the rights and obligations, exercises the authority, including private-legal sphere.